Microbio Ch. 20: Antimicrobial Drugs

Antibiotics

Compounds that can inhibit growth of microorganisms. They are made by microbes themselves in a competitive edge over other species.

Streptomyces

Which species has 70% of discovered antibiotics derived from

Sources of antibiotics

Gram-positive rods, actinomycetes, and fungi are -

Narrow spectrum antibiotics

Drugs that affect in a narrow range of microbial types/categories

• will reduce risk of multiple bacteria species becoming antibiotic resistant

Broad spectrum antibiotics

Drugs that affect a broad range of gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria

• Can risk multiple bacteria species to become antibiotic resistant

Bacteriostatic

A method that will result in competitive inhibition with folic acid synthesis is -

Bacteriostatic

A method that will result in inhibition of protein synthesis is -

Bactericidal

A method that will lead to injury to plasma membrane is -

Bactericidal

A method that will lead to inhibition of cell wall synthesis is -

Bactericidal

A method that will lead to competitive inhibition with DNA gyrase is -

Bactericidal

What will cause irreversible damage?, like holes and membranes, cell walls, super coils in DNA

Translation

Antibiotics that target inhibition of protein synthesis will affect -

Cell wall synthesis

The most common action site of antibiotic drugs is the inhibition of -

Essential metabolite

What action site is this?

Plasma membrane

Which action site is this referred to?

Nucleic acid replication and transcription

Which action site is this referring to?

70S ribosomes

What is the target by inhibiting protein synthesis?

Bacteria synthesizes it, humans dont

Both humans and bacteria need para-aminobenzoic acid to make folic acid so why do sulfa drugs adversely impact only bacterial cells?

Antifungal

Which type of drug inhibits microtubule synthesis

Antifungal

Which type of drug inhibits the glucan biosynthesis pathway

Antifungal

Which type of drug inhibits nucleic acid synthesis inside a nuclear membrane

antifungal

Which type of drug inhibits the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway

Antifungal

Which type of drug will bind to ergosterol and disrupt membrane integrity

Block drug entry

What type of mechanism of antibiotic resistant is this?

Inactivate drugs

What mechanism of antibiotic resistance is this?

Efflux

Which mechanism of antibiotic resistance is this?

Alteration of target

Which mechanism of antibiotic resistance is this?

Replication or transcription

If a drug binds between alternate G-C base pairs, what process will it inhibit?