Chapter 1 Hon US History Test

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65 Terms

1
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In order, who controlled trade after the Crusades?
Muslims, Italy, Portugal, Netherlands
2
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What inspired Europeans to explore?
God, gold, & glory
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Which country explored first?
Portugal
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What did the first explored country have that helped them be the first?
Compass, astrolabe, caravel
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Which country had an East India Company that controlled trade in the Indian Ocean?
Britain
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What was the main economic activity of New France?
Fur trade
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What were the main products that Europe got from the Americas?
Corn, potatoes, & beans
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A few years after my trip to China and other parts of Asia, I told a fellow prisoner about my adventures.
Marco Pollo
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I set sail from Spain with 270 men and five ships. Three years later, one of my ships arrived home with only eighteen original crew members left.
Magellan
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I disobeyed the governor of Cuba and conquered the strongest Indian tribe in Mexico.
Cortés
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I was the English queen for whom Virginia was named.
Elizabeth I
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I, Giovanni, reached Newfoundland in search of a passage to China. To the English, I was known by a different name.
Cabot
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I thought I could sail three thousand miles west to reach Japan, but my calculations were faulty.
Columbus
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I was an English Sea Dog. The Spanish viewed me as a pirate.
Drake
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Sailing on behalf of Spain, I was the first to explore the Florida peninsula in 1513.
Ponce de Leon
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A german mapmaker named the New World after me instead of after Columbus.
Vespucci
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Searching for the Seven Cities of Gold, I found the Grand Canyon.
Coronado
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A cargo of spices worth sixty times the cost of my expedition was my reward for sailing to India.
De Gama
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I financed two attempts to colonize the New World in an area that I called Virginia in honor of the English queen.
Sir Walter Raleigh
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I landed at Tampa Bay, traveled to North Carolina, and eventually discovered the Mississippi River.
de Soto
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(1588) I am the king whose armada was defeated by the English
Philip II
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I was the first European to round the southern cape of Africa.
Dias (1488)
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From England; reached Newfoundland in his search for a passage to China
Cabot
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From Spain; Sailed across Atlantic and landed in the Bahamas
Columbus
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From Spain; commanded an expedition that left Mexico in 1540 to explore what would later be Southwestern United States
Coronado
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From Spain; First great conquistador
Cortés
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From Spain; traveled in Florida, Mississippi, and North Carolina
de Soto
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From England; a tempting target for Protestant sea captains
Drake
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From Spain; determined he could reach the Spice Islands of the East by sailing south around the Americas
Magellan
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Writer of romances and chivalric legends who, in 1298, was cast in prison
Marco Pollo
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Enabled sailors to know which direction they were heading
Compass
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Allowed sailors to determine their ship’s latitude on the ocean
Astrolabe
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Portuguese ship that made sails easy to maneuver
Caravel
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Nationalistic economic system of thought
Mercantilism
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Followed up Dias’s discovery by sailing to India
da Gama
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Italinan; Believed the world was round
Columbus
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Realized there was a new world across the ocean; made at least two voyages to the Caribbean and South America
Vespucci
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Sail completely around
Circumnavigate
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German monk who was gaining the attention of all Europe by speaking against the Catholic church
Martin Luther
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Pressed for changes in the Roman Catholic Church
Protestant Reformation
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Genova’s most influential teacher
John Calvin
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Narrow ocean strip between Russia and Alaska that historians believe American Indians crossed
Bering Strait
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Which Indians lived in small villages made up of two or three family groups or clans and were known for being cliff-dwellers?
Pueblo
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These people lived in large, dome-shaped structures of bent saplings covered with animal skins or bark and were known for their trading network
Mount Builders
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First Indians the English, French, Dutch, and Swedish settlers encountered in the New World
Eastern Woodland
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Conquistador
Conqueror
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Great Aztec king who sent representatives offering gifts to the Spanish
Montezuma
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Sailed northwest from Puerto Rico in search of more rumored wealth; discovered Fountain of Youth
Juan Ponce de León
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Established Florida settlement by Spanish in 1565; oldest city in the US
St. Augustine
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Spanish Catholic king who was (successfully) bent on crushing Protestantism in Western Europe
Philip II
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Ruled when Drake was the most famous admiral
Elizabeth I
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What did Drake and his commanders call themselves?
Sea Dogs
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130 ships and about 30,000 who entered the English Chanel in 1588
Spanish Armada
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Englishman who complied for Queen Elizabeth a list of arguments favoring the colonization of North America
Sir Walter Raleigh
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Located on North Carolina’s Outer Banks that settled an expedition of colonists
Roanoke Island
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Croatans who had disappeared when White returned from England.
Lost Colony
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French settlements in Canada
New France
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Claimed current New York for the Dutch; called it New Netherland
Henry Hudson
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Who were the 4 groups of Southeast Eastern Woodland Indians?
Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks
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Exporting more than importing, collecting more gold
Favorable balance of trade
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What were hunter-gatherers known for?
Hunting and farming
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What were the main products that the Americas got from Europe?
Horses, cows, & pigs
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What were the main products that Europe got from the Americas?
Corns, beans, & potatoesl
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When was the Renaissance?
1300s-1500s
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What was the big turning point that included the breakup of the Catholic Church?
The Reformation