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In order, who controlled trade after the Crusades?
Muslims, Italy, Portugal, Netherlands
What inspired Europeans to explore?
God, gold, & glory
Which country explored first?
Portugal
What did the first explored country have that helped them be the first?
Compass, astrolabe, caravel
Which country had an East India Company that controlled trade in the Indian Ocean?
Britain
What was the main economic activity of New France?
Fur trade
What were the main products that Europe got from the Americas?
Corn, potatoes, & beans
A few years after my trip to China and other parts of Asia, I told a fellow prisoner about my adventures.
Marco Pollo
I set sail from Spain with 270 men and five ships. Three years later, one of my ships arrived home with only eighteen original crew members left.
Magellan
I disobeyed the governor of Cuba and conquered the strongest Indian tribe in Mexico.
Cortés
I was the English queen for whom Virginia was named.
Elizabeth I
I, Giovanni, reached Newfoundland in search of a passage to China. To the English, I was known by a different name.
Cabot
I thought I could sail three thousand miles west to reach Japan, but my calculations were faulty.
Columbus
I was an English Sea Dog. The Spanish viewed me as a pirate.
Drake
Sailing on behalf of Spain, I was the first to explore the Florida peninsula in 1513.
Ponce de Leon
A german mapmaker named the New World after me instead of after Columbus.
Vespucci
Searching for the Seven Cities of Gold, I found the Grand Canyon.
Coronado
A cargo of spices worth sixty times the cost of my expedition was my reward for sailing to India.
De Gama
I financed two attempts to colonize the New World in an area that I called Virginia in honor of the English queen.
Sir Walter Raleigh
I landed at Tampa Bay, traveled to North Carolina, and eventually discovered the Mississippi River.
de Soto
(1588) I am the king whose armada was defeated by the English
Philip II
I was the first European to round the southern cape of Africa.
Dias (1488)
From England; reached Newfoundland in his search for a passage to China
Cabot
From Spain; Sailed across Atlantic and landed in the Bahamas
Columbus
From Spain; commanded an expedition that left Mexico in 1540 to explore what would later be Southwestern United States
Coronado
From Spain; First great conquistador
Cortés
From Spain; traveled in Florida, Mississippi, and North Carolina
de Soto
From England; a tempting target for Protestant sea captains
Drake
From Spain; determined he could reach the Spice Islands of the East by sailing south around the Americas
Magellan
Writer of romances and chivalric legends who, in 1298, was cast in prison
Marco Pollo
Enabled sailors to know which direction they were heading
Compass
Allowed sailors to determine their ship’s latitude on the ocean
Astrolabe
Portuguese ship that made sails easy to maneuver
Caravel
Nationalistic economic system of thought
Mercantilism
Followed up Dias’s discovery by sailing to India
da Gama
Italinan; Believed the world was round
Columbus
Realized there was a new world across the ocean; made at least two voyages to the Caribbean and South America
Vespucci
Sail completely around
Circumnavigate
German monk who was gaining the attention of all Europe by speaking against the Catholic church
Martin Luther
Pressed for changes in the Roman Catholic Church
Protestant Reformation
Genova’s most influential teacher
John Calvin
Narrow ocean strip between Russia and Alaska that historians believe American Indians crossed
Bering Strait
Which Indians lived in small villages made up of two or three family groups or clans and were known for being cliff-dwellers?
Pueblo
These people lived in large, dome-shaped structures of bent saplings covered with animal skins or bark and were known for their trading network
Mount Builders
First Indians the English, French, Dutch, and Swedish settlers encountered in the New World
Eastern Woodland
Conquistador
Conqueror
Great Aztec king who sent representatives offering gifts to the Spanish
Montezuma
Sailed northwest from Puerto Rico in search of more rumored wealth; discovered Fountain of Youth
Juan Ponce de LeĂłn
Established Florida settlement by Spanish in 1565; oldest city in the US
St. Augustine
Spanish Catholic king who was (successfully) bent on crushing Protestantism in Western Europe
Philip II
Ruled when Drake was the most famous admiral
Elizabeth I
What did Drake and his commanders call themselves?
Sea Dogs
130 ships and about 30,000 who entered the English Chanel in 1588
Spanish Armada
Englishman who complied for Queen Elizabeth a list of arguments favoring the colonization of North America
Sir Walter Raleigh
Located on North Carolina’s Outer Banks that settled an expedition of colonists
Roanoke Island
Croatans who had disappeared when White returned from England.
Lost Colony
French settlements in Canada
New France
Claimed current New York for the Dutch; called it New Netherland
Henry Hudson
Who were the 4 groups of Southeast Eastern Woodland Indians?
Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks
Exporting more than importing, collecting more gold
Favorable balance of trade
What were hunter-gatherers known for?
Hunting and farming
What were the main products that the Americas got from Europe?
Horses, cows, & pigs
What were the main products that Europe got from the Americas?
Corns, beans, & potatoesl
When was the Renaissance?
1300s-1500s
What was the big turning point that included the breakup of the Catholic Church?
The Reformation
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