Chapter 1 Hon US History Test

In order, who controlled trade after the Crusades?

Muslims, Italy, Portugal, Netherlands

What inspired Europeans to explore?

God, gold, & glory

Which country explored first?

Portugal

What did the first explored country have that helped them be the first?

Compass, astrolabe, caravel

Which country had an East India Company that controlled trade in the Indian Ocean?

Britain

What was the main economic activity of New France?

Fur trade

What were the main products that Europe got from the Americas?

Corn, potatoes, & beans

A few years after my trip to China and other parts of Asia, I told a fellow prisoner about my adventures.

Marco Pollo

I set sail from Spain with 270 men and five ships. Three years later, one of my ships arrived home with only eighteen original crew members left.

Magellan

I disobeyed the governor of Cuba and conquered the strongest Indian tribe in Mexico.

Cortés

I was the English queen for whom Virginia was named.

Elizabeth I

I, Giovanni, reached Newfoundland in search of a passage to China. To the English, I was known by a different name.

Cabot

I thought I could sail three thousand miles west to reach Japan, but my calculations were faulty.

Columbus

I was an English Sea Dog. The Spanish viewed me as a pirate.

Drake

Sailing on behalf of Spain, I was the first to explore the Florida peninsula in 1513.

Ponce de Leon

A german mapmaker named the New World after me instead of after Columbus.

Vespucci

Searching for the Seven Cities of Gold, I found the Grand Canyon.

Coronado

A cargo of spices worth sixty times the cost of my expedition was my reward for sailing to India.

De Gama

I financed two attempts to colonize the New World in an area that I called Virginia in honor of the English queen.

Sir Walter Raleigh

I landed at Tampa Bay, traveled to North Carolina, and eventually discovered the Mississippi River.

de Soto

(1588) I am the king whose armada was defeated by the English

Philip II

I was the first European to round the southern cape of Africa.

Dias (1488)

From England; reached Newfoundland in his search for a passage to China

Cabot

From Spain; Sailed across Atlantic and landed in the Bahamas

Columbus

From Spain; commanded an expedition that left Mexico in 1540 to explore what would later be Southwestern United States

Coronado

From Spain; First great conquistador

Cortés

From Spain; traveled in Florida, Mississippi, and North Carolina

de Soto

From England; a tempting target for Protestant sea captains

Drake

From Spain; determined he could reach the Spice Islands of the East by sailing south around the Americas

Magellan

Writer of romances and chivalric legends who, in 1298, was cast in prison

Marco Pollo

Enabled sailors to know which direction they were heading

Compass

Allowed sailors to determine their ship’s latitude on the ocean

Astrolabe

Portuguese ship that made sails easy to maneuver

Caravel

Nationalistic economic system of thought

Mercantilism

Followed up Dias’s discovery by sailing to India

da Gama

Italinan; Believed the world was round

Columbus

Realized there was a new world across the ocean; made at least two voyages to the Caribbean and South America

Vespucci

Sail completely around

Circumnavigate

German monk who was gaining the attention of all Europe by speaking against the Catholic church

Martin Luther

Pressed for changes in the Roman Catholic Church

Protestant Reformation

Genova’s most influential teacher

John Calvin

Narrow ocean strip between Russia and Alaska that historians believe American Indians crossed

Bering Strait

Which Indians lived in small villages made up of two or three family groups or clans and were known for being cliff-dwellers?

Pueblo

These people lived in large, dome-shaped structures of bent saplings covered with animal skins or bark and were known for their trading network

Mount Builders

First Indians the English, French, Dutch, and Swedish settlers encountered in the New World

Eastern Woodland

Conquistador

Conqueror

Great Aztec king who sent representatives offering gifts to the Spanish

Montezuma

Sailed northwest from Puerto Rico in search of more rumored wealth; discovered Fountain of Youth

Juan Ponce de León

Established Florida settlement by Spanish in 1565; oldest city in the US

St. Augustine

Spanish Catholic king who was (successfully) bent on crushing Protestantism in Western Europe

Philip II

Ruled when Drake was the most famous admiral

Elizabeth I

What did Drake and his commanders call themselves?

Sea Dogs

130 ships and about 30,000 who entered the English Chanel in 1588

Spanish Armada

Englishman who complied for Queen Elizabeth a list of arguments favoring the colonization of North America

Sir Walter Raleigh

Located on North Carolina’s Outer Banks that settled an expedition of colonists

Roanoke Island

Croatans who had disappeared when White returned from England.

Lost Colony

French settlements in Canada

New France

Claimed current New York for the Dutch; called it New Netherland

Henry Hudson

Who were the 4 groups of Southeast Eastern Woodland Indians?

Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks

Exporting more than importing, collecting more gold

Favorable balance of trade

What were hunter-gatherers known for?

Hunting and farming

What were the main products that the Americas got from Europe?

Horses, cows, & pigs

What were the main products that Europe got from the Americas?

Corns, beans, & potatoesl

When was the Renaissance?

1300s-1500s

What was the big turning point that included the breakup of the Catholic Church?

The Reformation