MedTerm.Ch.7--Lymphatic&ImmuneSys

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Medicine

10th

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60 Terms

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acquired immunity
obtained by having had a contagious disease.
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acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
commonly known as AIDS, is the most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection.
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allergen
a substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual.
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allergist
specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of altered immunologic reactivity, such as allergic reactions.
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allergy
(hypersensitivity), is an over-reaction by the body to a particular antigen.
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anaphylaxis
(anaphylactic shock), is a severe response to an allergen.
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antibiotic-resistant bacteria
occur when antibiotics fail to kill all of the bacteria they target.
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antibiotics
medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms.
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antibody
a disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen.
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antifungal
an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi.
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antigen
any substance that the body regards as being foreign.
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antigen-antibody reaction
also known as the immune reaction, involves binding antigens to antibodies.
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autoimmune disorder
any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition where the immune system produces antibodies against its own tissues, mistaking healthy cells, tissues, or organs for antigens.
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bacilli
rod-shaped, spore-forming bacteria. (The singular is bacillus).
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bacteria
one-celled microscopic organisms (singular, bacterium).
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candidiasis
(yeast infection), occur on the skin or mucous membranes in warm, moist areas and are caused by the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans.
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complement system
a group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form.
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COVID-19
a highly contagious viral infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
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cytokines
a group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by the T cells.
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cytomegalovirus
(CMV) is found in most body fluids.
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hemolytic
destroying worn-out erythrocytes (red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse.
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herpes zoster
(HZ)(shingles), an acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve.
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human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV), a bloodborne infection in which the virus damages or kills the T cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail, thus leaving the body at risk of developing many life-threatening opportunistic infections.
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immunodeficiency disorder
occurs when the immune response is compromised.
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immunoglobulins
help the body attack and kill germs. bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response.
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immunologist
specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the immune system.
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immunosuppressant
a substance that prevents or reduces the body’s normal immune response.
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immunotherapy
a disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response.
boosts the ability of the immune system to recognize and fight cancer.
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infectious disease specialist
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases caused by microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites.
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infectious monoucleosis
(mono), caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, and is most common in adolescents and young adults.
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influenza
commonly known as the flu, is a highly contagious viral respiratory infection that usually occurs in seasonal epidemics.
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interferons
(IFNs) are produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells.
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Lyme disease
transmitted by the bite of a tick that has had contact with a deer infected with the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi.
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lymphadenopathy
any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes.
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lymphangioma
a benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system.
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lymphedema
(LE) is swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues.
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lymphocytes
(lymphoid cells), are leukocytes formed in bone marrow that identify foreign substances and germs in the body and produce antibodies that specifically target them.
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lymphologist
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the lymphatic system.
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lymphoscintigraphy
a diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels.
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macrophage
a type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells.
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malaria
caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito.
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measles
an acute, highly contagious infection that is transmitted by respiratory droplets of the rubeola virus.
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natural immunity
(passive immunity), resistance to a disease present without the administration of an antigen or exposure to a disease.
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opportunistic infection
caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans.
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parasite
a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism.
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pathogen
a microorganism that causes a disease in humans.
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rabies
an acute viral infection that is transmitted to humans through the bite or saliva of an infected animal.
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rickettsia
a small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites (plural, rickettsiae).
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rubella
(German measles), a viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash.
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spirochetes
long, slender, spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement.
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splenomegaly
an abnormal enlargement of the spleen.
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staphylocci
a group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes.
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streptococci
bacteria that form a chain. (The singular is streptococcus).
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synthetic immunoglobulins
(immune serum), are used as a post-exposure preventive measure against certain viruses, including rabies and some types of hepatitis.
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synthetic interferon
used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C, and some cancers.
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systemic reaction
also known as (anaphylaxis/ anaphylactic shock), is a severe response to an allergen.
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toxoplasmosis
a disease caused by a parasite that is most commonly transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminated feces.
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varicella
(chickenpox), is caused by the herpesvirus Varicella zoster and is highly contagious.
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West Nile virus
spread to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito.
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Zika virus
spread by the bite of an infected mosquito