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Verbs indicate __________ or states of being.
infinitive
The “to” form of a verb is known as the ______________.
ideas
Nouns indicate people, places, objects, and ________.
nouns
Pronouns replace ________.
s/he, it, one, they
Personal pronouns- 3rd person plural
prepositions
_________________ indicate where someone/something is, or when something happened
adjectives
_____________ modify nouns and pronouns.
adverbs
____________ modify verbs, adjectives, and other ____________.
clauses
Conjunctions indicate relationships between words, phrases, and _________.
relevant, irrelevant
Add, delete, revise questions test whether information is ____________ or ______________ to the topic of a paragraph.
beginning
“Big picture” information will virtually always be presented right at the ________________ of the passage.
passage
The purpose of the title is to tell you what the _____________ is going to be about.
supporting
“Topic sentence” and “conclusion” questions test your ability to determine main points from ______________ ideas and pieces of evidence.
topic
When you encounter a sentence order question, you should first determine the ________ of the sentence in question.
supporting evidence
Infographic questions are essentially “__________ _____________” questions.
contradicts
In an infographic question, any choice that clearly ______________ the general trend of the graph can be immediately eliminated.
scope
In an infographic, the chart’s _________ tells us how broad or narrow it is.
language
Always be careful with extreme ______________.
constructions
Shorter ________________ are more likely to be correct.
delete
When there is a ____________ answer choice option, you should always check it first.
passive
The word “by” is often a tip-off that the __________ voice is being used.
diction
__________ is the author’s choice of words.
idioms
_________ are not correct or incorrect for any logical reason; they simply reflect the fact that certain phrases evolved to be considered standard usage.
register
_____________ refers to how formal or informal an author’s language is.
middle
Incorrect answers to register questions will typically be either too casual and slangy or excessively formal, whereas correct answers will be somewhere in the _________.
time, location
A prepositional phrase is a phrase that begins with a preposition, a _______ or _______________ word that comes before a noun.
dependent clause
When an indefinite pronouns is followed by “of which” or “of whom,” it creates a _______________ _________, which by definition cannot stand alone as a full sentence.
nouns
Non-essential clauses describe ________ (usually the subject).
relative
“W-words” are also known as ____________ pronouns.
appositive
A non-essential clause that does not begin with a “w-word” is known as an _____________.
past
Every verb has a present and _______ participle.
-ing, nouns
Gerunds are formed by adding _____ to verbs and they act as _________.
Coordinating
__________________ conjunctions join two independent clauses.
Subordinating
________________ conjunctions join an independent clause and a dependent clause.
Coordinating
For, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so, are ______________ conjunctions, known as fanboys.
period
= semicolon
comma
When used to begin a clause, “however, therefore, thus, consequently, moreover, and nevertheless” should never follow a _______.
Comma splice
When a comma alone is used to separate two independent clauses, the result is known as a ________ ________.
sentences
Continuers indicate that two ____________ are expressing similar ideas.
result
Cause and effect words indicate that one action is the _________ of another.
mean
Transition questions are about what words ______, not how they sound.
wrong
Double transitions = ALWAYS _______
between
The transition clarifies the relationship _______ that sentence and the previous one.
commas
If a sentence still makes sense when a clause is crossed out, two _______ must be placed around that clause.
fragments
Crossing out non-essential clauses can also help you identify _________.
semicolon
“However, therefore, in fact, indeed, for example, and moreover” are transitions that should follow a period or _____________ when they are used to begin a clause.
wrong
The use of a comma before or after “that” is virtually always _______.
explanation
Colons should be used before a list or an _____________.
alone
A colon must follow a sentence that Can stand _______ as a complete thought.
pause
Dashes set off non-essential clauses, introduce a list or explanation, or create a deliberate ______.
colon
Before a list or explanation: dash = ______
business
The ___________ policies are new. = The policies of business are new.
noun
Given the choice between a pronoun such as “it” or “they” and a noun naming a specific person or thing, the ______ will virtually always be correct.
noun
A pronoun must always agree with its _____.
better
More specific is always _______.
tense
In verb questions, ______ answers the question “when?”
plural
________ verbs do not end in -s.
draw
It is important that you pick up your pencil and physically _____ a line through the non-essential clause.
subjects
Prepositional phrases are frequently inserted between the ________ and verbs to distract from disagreements.
order
Syntax = word ______
plural
Compound subjects consist of two nouns joined by the word “and”. Compound subjects always take _______ verbs.
groups of
Collective nouns are singular nouns that refer to _______ ___ people.
tense
Unless there is a clear reason for a verb to change ______, a verb should be parallel to the other verbs in a sentence or paragraph.
-ing
Present progressive = i/are + _____
have
Present perfect = has/_____ + past participle
-ed
Simple past = verb + ____
had
Past perfect = ____ + past participle
will
Future = ____ + verb
things
Always compare people to people and things to ______.
same
Parallel = _____
close
Modifiers should be placed as ______ as possible to the nouns, pronouns, or phrases they modify.
anywhere
Misplaced modifiers can occur _________ in a sentence.
people
Use “who” or “whom”, not “which”, when referring to _______.
things
“Whose” can be used to refer to either people or _______.
verb
“Who” is used before a _____.
preposition
“Whom” is used after a _____________.
Note 
Flashcard (41)