Primitive Reflexes

Flashcards about primitive reflexes

Primitive Reflexes

Involuntary movements by humans that start at birth and integrate within the first year.

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) Stimulus

Rotation of the head.

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) Response

Facial side arm: Elbow extends & shoulder Abducts; Occipital side arm: Elbow flexes & shoulder abducts

Normal Age of Response: Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

Birth - 6 months

Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) Stimulus

Head flexion or extension.

Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR) Response

Head in flexion=Arms flexed, legs extended; Head in extension=Arms extended, legs flexed

Normal age of response: Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

6 to 8 months

Moro and Startle Stimulus

Head drop backwards activating vestibular system or Loud noise

Moro and Startle Response

Abduction and extension of arms and splaying of the fingers. Potentially followed by arm flexion and adduction

Normal age of response: Moro and Startle

28 weeks gestation to 3-5 months old

Palmar Grasp Stimulus

Pressure to the palm of the hand

Palmar Grasp Response

Sustained flexion of fingers

Normal age of response: Palmar Grasp

28 weeks gestation to 4 months

Plantar Grasp Stimulus

Pressure to the sole of the foot just distal to metatarsal heads.

Plantar Grasp Response

Flexion of toes

Normal age of response: Plantar Grasp

28 weeks gestation to 9 months old

Positive Support Reflex Stimulus

Weight placed on balls of feet when upright.

Positive Support Reflex Response

Stiffening of legs and trunk into extension.

Normal age of response: Positive Support Reflex

35 weeks of gestation to 2 months.

Rooting Stimulus

Touch to perioral area of infant

Rooting Response

Rotate head and lips toward stimulus

Normal age of response: Rooting

28 weeks gestation to 3 months

Galant Stimulus

Stroke paravertebral skin with the patient in prone

Galant Response

Lateral trunk flexion to ipsilateral side of stimulus

Normal age of response: Galant

30 weeks gestation to 2 months

Automatic Walking (Stepping) Reflex Stimulus

Hold upright with feet on stable surface

Automatic Walking (Stepping) Reflex Response

High stepping movements with regular rhythm

Normal age of response: Automatic Walking (Stepping) Reflex

38 weeks gestation to 2-4 months

Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)/Landau Stimulus

Held in prone in the air

Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)/Landau Response

Lifting of the head & Extension of the neck and trunk

Normal age of response: Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)/Landau

Birth to 6 months

Babinski Reflex/Plantar Reflex Stimulus

Stroke the lateral plantar aspect of the foot (S1 dermatome)

Normal Response: Babinski Reflex/Plantar Reflex

Birth to 12 to 24 months- Big toe extends upward, with the other toes fanning out

Parachute Reflex Stimulus

Quickly turn face towards the ground as if falling

Parachute Reflex Response

Abduction of arm with extension of elbows, wrist and hands

Normal age of Response: Parachute Reflex

6-8 months - Does NOT integrate