Intro to Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy

study of the structure and shape of the body.

Physiology

Study of how the body and its parts function.

Cells

Basic unit of structure/ function in all living things

Tissue

a group of specialized cells

Organ

A group of specialized tissues

Organism

A group of specialized organ systems

Organ systems

A group of specialized organs

Integumentary

protects the body

Skeletal

Structure and support

muscular system

movement

nervous system

Conducts messages

Endocrine system

Hormones

Cardiovascular system

Transports oxygen to cells

Lymphatic System

Cleans blood/Immunity

Respiratory System

Gas exchange

Digestive System

Breaks down food/Nutrients

Urinary/Excretory System

Rids waste

Reproductive System

Development of offspring

Metabolism (Endocrine)

All chemical reactions within the body cells

Excretion (Urinary/Excretory)

Ridding of waste

Homeostasis

The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions even though the outside world is changing

Receptor

proteins that detect specific chemical or physical stimuli

Control Center

Processes info and sets responses

Effector

Produces a response to a stimulus

Negative Feedback

Reverses a change to restore balance

Positive Feedback

Amplifies a change

Cranial

Skull

Cephalic

Head

Occipital

Back of the head

Orbital

Eye area

Nasal

Nose

Oral

Mouth

Cervical

Neck

Thoracic

Chest

Sternal

Breastbone

Abdominal

Abdomen

Umbilical

Navel

Pelvic

Pelvis

Pubic

Genital area

Inguinal

Groin

Lumbar

Lower back

Gluteal

Buttocks

Scapular

Shoulder blade

Vertebral

Spine

Acromial

Shoulder tip

Axillary

Armpit

Brachial

Upper arm

Antecubital

Front of elbow

Olecranal

Back of elbow

Antebrachial

Forearm

Carpal

Wrist

Digital

Fingers

Femoral

Thigh

Patellar

Front of knee

Popliteal

Back of knee

Crural

Lower leg

Fibular

Outer lower leg

Tarsal

Ankle

Calcaneal

Heel

Plantar

Sole of foot

Sural

Calf

Superior

Above

Inferior

Below

Anterior

Front

Posterior

Back

Medial

Toward the midline

Lateral

Away from the midline

Sagittal Plane

Divides left and right

Midsagittal (Median) Plane

Equal left and right halves

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

Divides front and back

Transverse Plane

Divides top and bottom

Cross-section

Cut across the body

Dorsal Body Cavity

Protects brain and spinal cord

Cranial Cavity

Contains the brain

Spinal Cavity

Contains the spinal cord

Ventral Body Cavity

Contains organs of chest and abdomen

Thoracic Cavity

Chest cavity

Diaphragm

Muscle separating chest and abdomen

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Abdomen and pelvis

Epigastric Region

Upper middle abdomen

Hypogastric Region

Lower middle abdomen

Hypochondriac Region

Upper side regions

Inguinal Regions

Lower side regions