Biology Chapter 1

Movement

an action by an organism or part of an organism causing changes in position or place

Respiration

The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecues to release energy for metabolism.

Sensitivity

The ability to detect and respond changes in the internal and external environment

Growth

The permanent increase in size and dry mass.

Reproduction

The processes that make more of the same kind of organism.

Excretion

removal of metabolic waste products and substances in excess of body’s requirements.

Nutrition

taking in of materials for energy, growth and development

Species

a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring.

Binomial names are two parts,

Genus species

Dichotomous Keys

give choices of 2 features until it is narrowed down to one organism’s genus and species.

Five kingdoms:

Animal, Plant, Prokaryotes, Protoctists, Fungi

Animal Kingdom

Multicellular organisms that eat other living things.

Plant Kingdom

Multicellular organisms that make their own food using sunlight.

Fungi Kingdom

Single-celled or multicellular organisms that feed on dead matter.

Prokaryotes

Single-celled organisms with no nucleus.

Protoctists

Mostly single-celled organisms with a nucleus.

Vertebrates

animals with backbones

invertebrates

animals with no backbones

Mammals

Fur or hair on the skin, External ears (pinna), Internal fertilisation, mammary Glands, give birth to live young of its kind