Studied by 11 peopleAdjectival Modifier
A word, phrase, or clause that acts as an adjective in qualifying the meaning of a noun or pronoun.
Adjective
a word that modifies or otherwise describes a noun or pronoun
Adverb
A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
Adverbial Phrase
A phrase that functions as an adverb
Agreement
The correspondence of a verb with its subject in person and number, and of a pronoun with its antecedent in person, number, and gender.
Antecedent
the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers
Appositive
A noun or noun phrase that immediately follows another noun to define or amplify its meaning
Articles
'A', 'an', and 'the,' they signal that a noun will follow.
Axuiliary Verb
a verb that combines with the main verb to show a difference in tense, person, and voice.
Case
The form of a noun or pronoun that reflects its grammatical function in a sentence as subject (they), object (them), or possessor (their).
Clause
A group of related words containing a subject and a predicate
Colloquialism
A word or phrase (including slang) used in everyday conversation and informal writing but that is often inappropriate in formal writing.
Complement
A word or a phrase (especially a noun or adjective) that completes the predicate.
Compound Sentence
two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction or a semicolon.
Compound Subject
Two or more simple subjects joined by a conjunction.
Conjunction
a word that joins words, phrases, clauses, or sentences.
Contraction
a shortened form of a word or group of words.
Dependent Clause
a group of words that includes a subject and verb but is subordinate to an independent clause in a sentence.
Direct Object
a noun or pronoun that receives the action of a transitive verb
Gerund
A verb form ending in -ing that is used as a noun
Indefinite Pronoun
a pronoun that refers to an unspecific person (anybody) or thing (something)
Independent Clause
a group of words that contains a subject and verb that can stand alone as a sentence.
Indirect Object
the noun or pronoun that receives the direct object
Infinitive
In the present tense, a verb phrase consisting of “to” followed by the base form of the verb
Intransitive Verb
A verb that does not take a direct object.
Linking Verb
A verb that joins the subject of a sentence to its complement.
Loose Sentence
A sentence that begins with the main idea and then attaches additional details.
Main Clause
An independent clause, which can stand alone as a grammatically complete sentence.
Modal Axuiliaries
Any of the verbs that combine with the main verb that express necessity (must), obligation (should), permission (may), probability (might), possibility (could), ability (can), or tentativeness (would).
Modifier
A word or phrase that qualifies, describes, or limits the meaning of a word, phrase, or clause.
Nominative Pronoun
A pronoun that functions as a subject or a subject complement.
Nonrestrictive Modifier
A phrase or a clause that does not limit or restrict the essential meaning of the element it modifies.
Noun
A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
Number
A feature of nouns, pronouns, and some verbs, referring to the singular or plural.
Object
The noun or pronoun that completes a prepositional phrase or the meaning of a transitive verb.
Participial Phrase
A present or past participle with accompanying modifiers, objects, or complements.
Participle
A verbal that functions as an adjective. Present ends in -ing; past ends in -d or -ed or -en
Periodic Sentence
A sentence that expresses the main idea at the end.
Phrase
A group of related words that functions as a unit but lacks a subject, a verb, or both.
Possessive
The case of nouns and pronouns that indicate ownership or possession.
Predicate
The verb and its related words in a clause or sentence. It expresses what the subject does, experiences, or is.
Preposition
A word that relates its object (a noun, pronoun, or -ing verb form) to another word in the sentence.
Prepositional Phrase
A group of words consisting of a preposition, its object, and any of the object’s modifiers.
Principal Verb
The predicating verb in a main clause or sentence.
Pronomial Possessive
A pronoun in its possessive form.
Proper Noun
The name of a particular person (Frank Sinatra), place (Boston), or thing (Moby Dick). They are capitalized.
Relative Clause
A clause introduced by a relative pronoun, or by a relative adverb, such as where, when, or why.
Relative Pronoun
A pronoun that connects a dependent clause to a main clause in a sentence.
Restrictive term, element, clause
A phrase or clause that limits the essential meaning of the sentence element it modifies.
Sentence Fragment
A group of words that is not grammatically a complete sentence but is punctuated as one.
Subject
The noun or pronoun that indicates what a sentence is about, and which the principal verb of a sentence elaborates.
Subordinate Clause
A clause dependent on the main clause in the sentence.
Syntax
The order or arrangement of words in a sentence.
Tense
The time of a verb’s actions or state of being, such as past, present, or future
Transition
A word or group of words that aids coherence in writing by showing the connections between ideas
Transitive Verb
A verb that requires a direct object to complete its meaning.
Verb
A word or group of words that expresses the action or indicates the state of being of the subject.
Verbal
A verb form that functions as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb rather than as a principal verb.
Voice
The attribute of a verb that indicates whether its subject is active (Janet played the guitar) or passive (The guitar was played by Janet).
Note 
Flashcard (22)