Quiz Review: Molecular Compounds - Chemistry

When looking at chemical formulas, how can you tell if a substance is an ionic compounds or a molecular compound?

Molecular - Nonmetals, Binary

Ionic - Metal + nonmetal, polyatomic ion

When looking at a chemical names, how can you tell if a substance is an ionic compound or a molecular compound?

Ionic - Roman Numerals

Molecular - prefixes

SO2

Molecular

CF4

Molecular

NiO

Ionic

CuI2

ionic

PCI5

Moelcular

ZnF2

Ionic

Sulfur trioxide

SO3

Selenium tetrachloride

SeCl4

Nickel (II) Bromide

Ni2Br

Xenon hexaflouride

XeF5

Barium Sulfate

BaSO4

Hydrophosphoric Acid

H3PO4

Sulfurous Acid

H2SO4

Single Bond

Double bond

Triple Bond

True/ False

In molecular compounds, electron are shared between elements

True

True/ False

Molecular compounds have high melting points compared to ionic compounds

False

True/ False

Electrons are given away or taken when ionic bonds are formed

True

True/ False

Ionic bonds form between two metals

False

True/ False

Covalent bonds form between a metal and nonmental

False

True/ False

Ionic compounds make crystalline structure that are solids at room temperature

False

True/ False

The particle created by covalent bonding is called a molecule

True

True/ False

Molecular compounds contain covalent bonds

True

True/ False

Molecular compounds can be found in any state at room temperature

False

True/ False

Ionic compounds are named using numerical prefixes

False

Why do atoms make bonds?

Atoms make bonds to have a complete octet of 8 electrons, to make the compounds more stable, and electrons are shared because both atoms have similar attraction for electrons

How is bond angle of a molecule affected by lone pairs on the central atom?

Lone pairs repel electrons. Bond angle is reduced by lone pairs.

What subatomic particles make up bonds? Are bonds attracted to lone electron pairs? Why or why not?

Electrons. Bonds and lone pair repeal. Like charges repel. Opposite attract.

What is an octet?

A set of 8 valence electrons in the outer most energy level of an atom

How does the octet rule apply to molecular compounds and covalent bonds?

In molecular (covalent) compounds atoms share electrons so each atom can reach an octet (8 valence electrosn)

Explain how to write the names of H3N, HNO3, HNO2

H3N - Binary

• Hydronitric acid

HNO3 - nitrate ion

• nitric acid (ate - ic)

HNO2 - nitrite ion

• Nitrous acid (ite - ous)

Linear

• 180 bond angle

• Nonpolar Molecular

• 2 domain

  • 2 Bond

  • o lone pairs

Trigonal Planar

• 120 bond angle

• Nonpolar Molecular

• 3 domain

  • 3 bonds

  • o lone pairs

Tetrahedral

• 109.5 bond angle

• Nonpolar molecule

• 4 domain

  • 4 bonds

  • o lone pairs

Trigonal pyramidal

• 107 bond angle

• Polar molecule

• 4 domain

  • 3 bonds

  • 1 lone pairs

Bent

• 104.5

• Polar Molecular

• 4 domains

  • 2 bonds

  • 2 lone pairs