Craniometric Points

Nasion (n)

Midline point where the two nasal bones and the frontal intersect

Glabella (g)

Most anterior midline point on the frontal bone, usually above the frontonasal suture

Bregma (b)

Ectocranial point where the coronal and sagittal sutures intersect

Lambda (l)

Ectocranial midline point where the sagittal and lambdoid sutures intersect

Basion (ba)

Midline point on the anterior margin of the foramen magnum

Opisthion (o)

Midline point at the posterior margin of the foramen magnum

Opisthocranion (op)

Midline ectocranial point at the farthest chord length from glabella

Gnathion (gn)

Most inferior midline point on the mandible

Rhinion (rhi)

Midline point at the inferior free end of the internasal suture

Incision (inc)

Point at the occlusal surface where the upper central incisors meet

Prosthion (pr)

Midline point at the most anterior point on the alveolar process of the maxillae

Obelion (ob)

Ectocranial midline point where a line connecting the parietal foramina (when present) intersects the midline

Inion (i)

Ectocranial midline point at the base of the external occipital protuberance

Sphenobasion (sphba)

Point where the midsagittal plane intersects the basilar suture

Hormion (hr)

Most posterior midline point on the vomer

Pogonion (pg)

Most anterior midline point on the chin of the mandible

Infradentale (id)

Midline point at the superior tip of the septum between the mandibular central incisors