Chemistry Ch. 7 Study Guide- Ionic Compounds and Metals

Chemical bond

the force that holds two atoms together

Ionization energy

the energy required to remove an electron

Cation

positively charged ions

Anion

negatively charged ions

Ionic bond

electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in a ionic compound

Ionic compound

compound that contains ionic bond(s)

Binary ionic compound

have 2 different elements

Electrolyte

ionic compound whose aqueous (dissolved in water) solution conducts an electric current

Lattice energy

the energy required to separate 1 mole of the ions of an ionic compound

Formula unit

base formula for the ratio of cation to anion

Monoatomic ion

a one-atom ion

Oxidation number

the charge of the monoatomic ion

Polyatomic ion

Ion made of more than 1 atom

Oxyanion

an anion with oxygen in it (has to be polyatomic)

Electron sea model

the metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electrons that surround the metal cations

Delocalized electrons

in the outer energy levels of the bonded metal atoms and are not held by a specific atom but move freely between atoms

Metallic bond

the attractions between the metallic cation and delocalized electrons

Alloy

mixture of elements that has metallic properties

Substitutional alloy

metal alloys formed by substituting one metal atom for another metal atom of similar size

Interstitial alloy

holes (interstices) in a metallic crystal are filled with smaller atoms

Cations are...

metals

Anions are...

non-metals

Ionic compounds in solid form...

do not conduct electricity

Ionic compounds in liquid form or in solution...

do conduct electricity

Two types of of ionic compounds

salts and oxides

Properties of ionic compounds

hard, rigid, brittle