Nitrogen cycle

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Biology

A-Level Biology

OCR

Genetics, Evolution & Ecosystems

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6 Terms

1
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Nitrogen fixation

Atmospheric nitrogen is converted into nitrogen-containing compounds in the soil.

2
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What are the two methods of nitrogen fixation?

Lightening strikes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azotobacter (free-living bacteria in soil) and Rhizobium (living in root nodules of legumes).

3
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Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Azotobacter and Rhizobium convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonium ions.

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Nitrification

  1. Nitrosomonas convert ammonium ions to nitrites.

  2. Nitrobacter oxidise nitrites to nitrates

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Ammonification

The conversion of nitrogen-containing compounds in dead organisms back to ammonium ions by decomposers.

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Denitrification

The conversion of excess nitrates to atmospheric nitrogen gas through denitrifying bacteria.