physiology of pain and nociceptors. BSN 445. Physiology of pain and nociceptors.

What initiates pain?

Tissue damage or inflammation, activating nociceptors.

What are nociceptors?

Specialized sensory receptors that detect and transmit pain signals to the central nervous system (CNS).

What stimuli activate nociceptors?

Mechanical pressure, temperature extremes, and chemical irritants.

What happens when nociceptors are activated?

They release neurotransmitters that transmit pain signals to the spinal cord and ultimately to the brain.

Why don't nociceptors adapt to pain stimuli?

Evolutionary advantage and neurotransmitter release ensure continuous pain signal transmission.

What is the evolutionary advantage of non-adapting nociceptors?

Pain serves as a warning signal to protect the body from further injury.

How do neurotransmitters contribute to continuous pain signals?

Neurotransmitters released by nociceptors activate pain pathways in the CNS, maintaining the pain signal.

Why is effective acute pain management crucial?

For patient comfort, recovery, and overall well-being.

What should a comprehensive pain assessment include?

Location, intensity, quality, and duration of pain.

Give examples of pharmacological interventions for pain management.

Administering analgesics, such as opioids, NSAIDs, or acetaminophen, as prescribed by the physician.

Give examples of non-pharmacological interventions for acute pain management.

Deep breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, music therapy, heat or cold therapy, positioning and mobilization.

Name three types of analgesics that can be administered for pain

Opioids, NSAIDs, or acetaminophen.