6.5 NREM and REM Sleep

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16 Terms

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NREM Sleep

a type of sleep characterised by a lack of rapid eye movement, and subdivided into three different stages

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REM Sleep

type of sleep characterised by rapid eye movement, high levels of brain activity, and low levels of physical activity

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sleep cycle features

  • each lasts around 90 mins

  • cycle includes

    • NREM stages 1 → 2→ 3→2

    • then REM sleep

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sleep cycles as night progresses

  • stage 3 (deep sleep) decreases

  • REM sleep periods become longer and more frequent

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NREM Stage 1 (N1)- light sleep (6)

  • entry into sleep → transition from wakefulness

  • duration is about 5 mins (4-5% of total sleep)

  • brain waves: theta

  • low arousal threshol- easy to wake

  • heart rate and body temp drop; hypnic jerks may occur

  • may feel like you haven’t slept if woken

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NREM Stage 2 (N2)- light/moderate sleep

  • 10-25 mins at first → increases in later cycles

  • slower brain waves, sleep spindles, and K composition

  • harder to wake than N1

  • makes up about 50% of total sleep

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NREM Stage 3 (N3)- deep sleep

  • about 20-40 minutes in the first cycle, less in later ones

  • over 50% delta brain waves

  • highest arousal threshold → very hard to wake

  • sleep interia if awoken

  • important for physical restoration, immune system, growth hormon release

  • make up about 10-15% total sleep

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REM Sleep

  • about 20-25% total sleep

  • brain is very active, similar to being awake (beta-like waves)

  • body experiencing paralysis of skeletal muscles, except eyes and small twitches

  • breathing, heart rate, blood pressure increase and often irregular

  • dreaming very common

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REM Dreams

narrative, vivid, emotional

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NREM Dreams

more though-like or abstract

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Sleep latency

time it takes to fall asleep after trying

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Sleep onset

moment a person transitions from awake to asleep

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Hypnic Jerk

sudden muscle spasm as you fall asleep (N1)

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Sleep inertia

grogginess/ confusion after waking from deep sleep

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delta waves

slow, high-amplitude brain waves (seen in N3)

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paradoxical sleep

REM Sleep- high brain activity, paralysed body