Glycolysis 🧪

What is the first stage of aerobic respiration called?

Glycolysis.

Where does glycolysis occur?

In the cytoplasm.

What does the term 'glycolysis' literally mean?

The breakdown of glucose.

What molecule does glycolysis start with?

Glucose (C6H12O6).

In the first step of glycolysis, what does glucose transform into?

Hexose bisphosphate.

What do ATP molecules convert into during glycolysis?

ADP molecules.

What is the fate of the two pyruvate molecules produced in glycolysis?

They enter the mitochondria to continue with the Link and Krebs cycle.

What type of phosphorylation does glycolysis involve when converting ADP to ATP?

Substrate level phosphorylation.

What does reduced NAD do in the oxidative phosphorylation stage?

It can produce a maximum of three ATP molecules.

How does triose phosphate become triose bisphosphate?

an inorganic phosphate is added sourced from the cytoplasm

Steps of glycolysis

1. glucose becomes hexose bisphosphate after 2 ATP phosphorylate it, becoming 2 ADP

2. Hexose Bisphosphate splits into 2x Triose phosphates

3. 2x triose phosphates become 2x triose biphosphates via the addition of inorganic phosphate, sourced from the cytoplasm.

4. They further convert to 2x pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH.

What are the products of glycolysis and what are their fates

• net 2 ATP

• 2 NADH, oxidative phosphorylation

• 2 pyruvate, converted to acetyl-CoA for the Krebs cycle