organic compounds

Why is carbon a backbone

-Carbon atoms are very versatile

-They can bond to other carbon atoms, producing an endless variety of carbon skeletons

-Due to only having 4 valence electrons

Organic molecule

Carbon based

Inorganic

Non-carbon based

An organic compound’s properties depend on these two things

Size and shape of its carbon backbone

Atoms attached to that skeleton

Macromolecule

Large molecules in living cells

Monomers

Smaller units that are building blocks of larger molecules

Make polymers

Polymers

Chain of molecules formed by linking monomers together

Functional group

Groups of atoms within a molecule that interacts in predictable ways with other molecules in chemical reaction

Dehydration reaction

Building macromolecules

Each time a monomer is added to a chain to create a polymer, a water molecule is released

Hydrolysis reaction

Breaking down a macromolecule

Water is added to break it apart

Protein

Made of amino acids

Help our body repair, growth, and provide essential nutrients are body can’t make

Lipids(fats)

Used to store energy

Major components of cell membranes

Carbohydrates

Used mainly as an energy source

Trans fat

Fats that is made when liquids oils turn into solid fats during food processing

NOT GOOD

Unsaturated fats

Mostly come from lands and fish and are liquid at room temperature

Saturated fats

Mostly come from animal fats and are solid at room temperature