longitudinal and transverse waves

what do waves transfer

transfer energy from one place to another not matter

how do waves transfer

they oscillate

what are the two axis labelled on wave graph

distance or time on x axis

displacement on y axis

Transverse Waves

oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

transverse waves examples

electromagnetic

ripple waves

Longitudinal Waves

oscillations that are parallel to energy transfers

examples of longitudinal waves

sound waves

seismic P waves

Compression

Region in longitudinal waves where particles are close together.

Rarefaction

Region in longitudinal waves where particles are spread apart.

Amplitude

Maximum displacement from undisturbed position in a wave.

Wavelength

Distance between equivalent points on adjacent waves.

Frequency

Number of waves passing a point per second.

frequency equation for graph

frequency=1/T

period, T , in seconds, s

frequency, f , in hertz, Hz

Wave Speed Equation

wave speed =frequency ×wavelength

wave speed, v , in metres per second, m/s

frequency, f , in hertz, Hz

wavelength, λ , in metres, m

Time Period

time taken for one entire oscillation of a wave

Wave Speed

Speed at which energy is transferred through a medium.

Electromagnetic Waves

Transverse waves that transfer energy through space.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Continuous spectrum of electromagnetic waves by wavelength.

Radio Waves

Lowest frequency electromagnetic waves used in communication.

Microwaves

Electromagnetic waves used in cooking and satellite communication.

Infrared Waves

Waves used in heating and night vision technologies.

Visible Light

Electromagnetic waves detectable by the human eye.

Ultraviolet Waves

Waves that can cause skin tanning and damage.

X-rays

High-energy waves used in medical imaging.

Gamma Rays

Highest frequency waves, often produced by radioactive decay.