Chem term 3 quiz 1

physical properties

describes the way something looks, smells, or feels without changing it’s chemical composition

chemical properties

describes the way a substance reacts or turns into a new substance

physical changes

changes when nothing new is formed

chemical changes

changes when something new is formed and new bonds are formed

matter

anything that has mass and volume

atom

the smallest unit of measurement

element

the most basic form of matter

monatomic element

elements that exist as a single atom

diatomic element

elements that are bonded to another atom of the same type to stay stable, thus being shown as 2 atoms

compound

two or more elements held together by chemical bonds

mixture

two or more substances mixed together

homogeneous mixture

when the mixture is uniform throughout

heterogeneous mixture

when the mixture is not uniform throughout and different parts are visible

how to draw a particle diagram of a solid

particles are tightly organized in a pattern

how to draw a particle diagram of a liquid

particles are loosely touching and somewhat organized in no pattern

how to draw a particle diagram of a gas

particles are dispersed evenly across the container

how to draw a particle diagram of a diatomic element

the element in atom pairs of two dispersed based on what phase of matter it is in

how to draw a particle diagram of a monatomic

single atoms of the element are dispersed based on what phase of matter it is in

how to draw a particle diagram of a compound

disperse the compound, which contains two or more atoms of an element, throughout based on what phase of matter it is in

how to draw a particle diagram of a mixture

have at least two different elements or compounds not touching and dispersed throughout

distillation

separating two homogeneous liquids by boiling

chromatography

separating component colors from dye or natural colorings based on their polarity

separatory funnel

separates two heterogeneous liquids by gravity

precipitation

removing a dissolved substance from a homogeneous mixture by making it react with another substance

filtration

removing solid from a liquid, where the solid gets caught in the filter, liquid passes through

evaporation

heating a homogeneous mixture so that the water evaporates, leaving behind a salt

empirical formula

when the chemical formula has the ratios of the subscripts

molecular formula

when the chemical formula has the actual number of the subscripts