Lab 6: Cat Genetics and Pedigree Analysis

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary terms and concepts related to cat genetics and pedigree analysis as discussed in the lab exercise on Mendelian inheritance and traits.

Mendelian inheritance

The principles of genetics established by Gregor Mendel, which describe how traits are passed from parents to offspring.

Phenotype

The expressed traits or characteristics of an organism, resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an organism; the combination of alleles for a particular gene.

Homozygous

Having two identical alleles for a specific gene (e.g., AA or aa).

Heterozygous

Having two different alleles for a specific gene (e.g., Aa).

Punnett square

A diagram used to predict the genetic makeup of offspring from a specific cross.

Autosomal traits

Traits determined by genes located on the non-sex chromosomes.

Dominant allele

An allele that masks the effect of a recessive allele in a heterozygous individual.

Recessive allele

An allele that is masked by the presence of a dominant allele in a heterozygous individual.

X-linked gene

A gene located on the X chromosome that may exhibit different inheritance patterns in males and females.

Calico

Refers to a coat color pattern in cats, typically female, characterized by patches of orange, black, and sometimes white fur.

Agouti

A gene that controls the patterned pigmentation in the fur of animals, leading to variations in fur color.

Pedigree analysis

A diagrammatic method used to study the inheritance of traits in humans and animals through generations.

Alleles

Different forms of a gene that can exist for a given gene locus.

Cleft chin

A genetically-influenced trait characterized by a dimple in the chin.

Tongue rolling

A genetic trait that allows some individuals to roll their tongues, often considered dominant.

Widow’s peak

A hairline that dips in the center of the forehead, associated with a dominant allele.

Earlobes

The morphology of the earlobe, which can be free-hanging (dominant) or attached (recessive).