1646-1649

Who issued the Newcastle Propositions?

Parliament

What were the terms of the Newcastle Propositions?

• Abolition of bishops power 

• Religion to be settled by Parliament 

• Parliament to control monarchy advisors 

• Parliament to control army for 20 years 

What did Scotland want out of the war?

The establishment of strict Presbyterianism in England

What did Charles want out of the war?

• His full power restored

• Himself back on the throne

What did parliament want out of the war, before December 1647?

The king to agree to their terms and resume his place on the throne with:

• a stronger army

• a reformed church

• parliament has the final say on all decisions

What did parliament want after December 1647?

For the king to recognise their authority as legal counsel and give in completely to their orders

Who were the Levellers?

A group of political radicals who were committed to popular sovereignty

What was Charles’ answer to the Newcastle Propositions?

• The 20 year parliamentary control over the militia to be reduced to 10

• His supporters not to be persecuted

• Discussions about a Presbyterian church

• To retain his ability to chose his advisors and military appointments

What was the ‘Declaration of Dislike’?

declared any campaigning against the disbandment of the army without pay or immunity were ‘enemies of the state and disturbers of the public peace’

Why did the army become a more political force in 1647?

parliament were attempting to disband them unfairly and without their opinions valued

What did the army do to prevent a settlement being made between king and parliament?

captured the king and negotiated with him directly

Who were the army divided between?

Moderates and Radicals

Who presented the ‘Heads of Proposals’?

The newly established head army council

What were the terms of the Heads of Proposals?

• Biennial parliaments

• Elections in Commons to be representative of the wealth of taxable counties

• The militia to be under control of parliament for 10 years

• Authority of bishops to be removed

• Royal family to be restored without any other restrictions 

How did ordinary officers feel about the Heads of Proposals?

it was too accommodating for the king, who should pay for his crimes throughout the civil war

Why was Charles not wanting to accept any settlement?

he assumed his divided enemies would destroy themselves and he could easily retake his throne after

What was ‘The Case of the Army Truly Stated‘?

an aggressive document attacking senior army officers for proposing the heads of proposals

What was ‘The Agreement of the People’?

An outcome of the Putney Debates, detailing the Leveller stand against Charles I, a settlement between him and parliament, and advocacy for individual liberties and equal democracy

Who presented ‘The Agreement of the People’?

the Levellers

Who made up a large portion of the levellers?

rank and file NMA soldiers

Why did Charles accept a settlement with Scotland, and not with parliament or the NMA?

Charles accepted Scotland as a legal political provision where he saw parliament and the NMA as his subjects and his to command, not the other way around

Who issued the ‘Engagement’?

Scotland

What were the terms of the Engagement?

• Presbyterian worship for 3 years, followed by a debate on how the church should be governed

• The suppression of radical religious and political groups

• All English armies would be disbanded, and the Scottish army would be sent to protect the monarchy

• No other restrictions upon the monarchy

Which settlement did Charles accept?

The Engagement

How did the NMA view Charles’ agreement with the Scots?

as an indicator that Charles was not willing to negotiate and a republican state was now a possibility