Unit 2 study cards (social studies)

Charter of rights and freedoms

A constitutional document that guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms to all Canadians, including freedom of expression, the right to equality, and legal rights.

Fundamental freedom

The rights that ensure individuals can express their beliefs, opinions, and practices without government interference, including freedom of thought, belief, opinion, and expression.

Legal rights

Rights that protect individuals in legal proceedings, including the right to a fair trial, the right to remain silent, and protection against unreasonable search and seizure.

Equality Rights

Rights that guarantee individuals are treated equally under the law, without discrimination based on race, gender, age, or disability.

Democratic Rights

Rights that ensure citizens can participate in the political process, including the right to vote and run for public office.

Mobility Rights

Rights that allow individuals to move freely within their country and to leave or enter Canada.

Collective Rights

Rights held by specific groups in society, such as Indigenous peoples, that recognize their distinct status and interests.

Indigenous Rights

Rights that recognize and protect the cultural, social, and political interests of Indigenous peoples, including land rights and self-determination.

Numbered Treaties

Agreements between the Canadian government and Indigenous peoples that outline land rights and other provisions.

Indian Act

Legislation in Canada that governs the relationship between the federal government and Indigenous peoples, outlining their rights and responsibilities, and impacting their governance and identity.

Status Indian

An Indigenous person recognized by the Indian Act as having specific rights and privileges, including access to certain benefits and services.

Minority- Language Educational Rights

Rights that protect the ability of minority language speakers to receive education in their language, ensuring access to educational resources and instruction in their mother tongue.

Immigration and Refugee protection act

Canadian legislation that provides the framework for the admission of immigrants and the protection of refugees, defining the rights and responsibilities of individuals entering Canada.

Canada- Quebec accord

An agreement between the federal government and Quebec that recognizes the province's unique cultural and linguistic identity while outlining specific powers and responsibilities.

Provincial Nomination Program

A program that allows provinces in Canada to nominate individuals for immigration based on local labor market needs, facilitating the entry of skilled workers and their families.

Economic Class Immigrant

Individuals who immigrate to Canada based on their skills, work experience, and ability to contribute to the economy.

Refugee Protection Program

A program that provides protection to individuals who are fleeing persecution, war, or violence in their home countries, allowing them to seek asylum in Canada.

Singh Decision

A landmark Supreme Court ruling in 1985 that recognized the right of refugee claimants in Canada to have a fair hearing, ensuring access to due process and protection under Canadian law.

War Measures Act

A Canadian law that gave the government the authority to maintain security and order during war or national emergencies, allowing for the suspension of civil liberties.

Official Language Minority

groups in Canada that speak one of the country's official languages, English or French, but are in the minority within their region.