Food Webs and Biomes - 7th

food web

A community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains

food chain

a simple model that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem

Photosynthesis

Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.

energy pyramid

Shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web

Producer

An organism that can make its own food.

primary consumer

consumer that feeds directly on producers

secondary consumer

An organism that eats primary consumers

tertiary consumer

An organism that eats secondary consumers

Decomposer

An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms

Herbivore

A consumer that eats only plants.

Carnivore

A consumer that eats only animals.

Omnivore

An animal that eats both plants and animals

scavenger

A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms

cold seeps

areas that produce lower temperature fluids where natural gas and methane gas seep into the water in the deep ocean.

hydrothermal vents

spots on the ocean floor where hot gases and minerals escape from earth's interior into the water

Arrow in the food chain

shows the flow of energy

Biome

A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms

rainforest biome

year round warmth and high rainfall levels. almost all lie near the equator in South America, central Africa and southern Asia, Monkeys, birds, snakes, High biodiversity

Tiaga Biome

characterized by cold winters and cool summers, richly packed with evergreen trees and shrubs, furry mammals, birds, cold water fish, moose, red fox, bear

Temerate Deciduous Forest

four seasons, Hardwood trees, suitable for agriculture, deer rabbit beaver.

Ocean Biome

vast realm of open blue water, constantly mixed by wind, oceanic currents, surface waters turnover, covers 70% of earth's surface, sharks, kelp, coral, fish, rays

Grassland Biome

low rainfall (10 - 30 in yr); provides no shelter for herbivorous mammals from carnivorous predators so animals that do inhabit grasslands have developed long legs and many are hoofed (better running), fertile soil, cattle, zebra lions, giraffe

Desert Biome

The desert biome is an ecosystem that forms due to the low level of rainfall it receives each year. Deserts cover about 20% of the Earth. There are four major types of desert in this biome - hot and dry, semiarid, coastal, and cold. They are all able to inhabit plant and animal life that are able to survive there., cactus, scorpions, snakes, lizards

arctic tundra biome

Cold temperatures, low precipitation, long, dark winters. Permafrost (frozen soil) present and no trees. Largely located south of the arctic ice cap, low productivity and biodiversity. Polar bears, caribou, seals

Microhabitat

a small, particular part of a habitat in which particular organisms live; for example, beneath the bark of a tree within a forest habitat

abiotic factors

Non-living things in the environment Ex. Oxygen, rocks, soil

biotic factors

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

climate

Overall weather in an area over a long period of time

Permafrost

Ground that is permanently frozen

alpine tundra biome

This biome has permafrost and is found at the top of mountains above the tree line, small shrubs, mosses and lichens

Chaparral Biome

Located in California; dominated by shrubs; the location for many wildfire because dry, Coyotes, mountain lions, snakes, rabbits

vegetation

all the plants and trees in an area