chapter 7 altered states of consciousness

stage 1

pulse slows, muscles relax, lasts about 10 minutes, low amplitude high frequency

stage 2

30 minutes, high amplitude/low frequency

stage 3

large amplitude delta waves

stage 4

deepest sleep, difficult to wake someone

stage 5

REM sleep, levels of adrenal and sexual hormones rise, face and fingers may twitch, lasts from 15 to 45 minutes, cycles every 90 minutes

insomnia

can be caused by anxiety, depression, alcohol or drug use

sleep apnea

caused by physical problems that block the airway, such as enlarged tonsils, repeated infections in throat or obesity

narcolepsy

a condition where people suddenly fall asleep or feel very sleepy

night terrors

occur during stage IV- may involve screaming, sweating, confusion, rapid heart rate

sleepwalking

occurs mostly in children and they usually grow out of it

transcendental meditation

involves mental repetition of a mantra

mindfulness meditation

focus on the present moment

breath meditation

concentrate on inhaling and exhaling

hallucinations

perceptions that have no direct external cause