Sedimentary Rocks

conglomerate

clastic, coarse (rounded)

brecia

clasitic, coarse (angular)

quartz sandstone

clastic, medium, quartz

arkose sandstone

clastic, medium, quartz and potassium feldspar

mudstone (siltstone)

clastic, fine (silt)

mudstone (claystone)

clastic, fine (clay)

shale

clastic, fine, fissile

argillite

clastic, silt and clay, very compact

sparry limestone

chemical, crystalline, calcite

micritic limestone

chemical, mircocrystalline, calcite

T/F: limestone is softer than sandstone

true

oolitic limestone

chemical, bioclastic, calcite, ooids

T/F: limestone will not react with HCl

false

fossillerferous limestone

chemical, bioclastic, calcite, fossils

coquina

bioclastic, calcite, shells

cannel coal

(bio)chemical, organics/soil, high petroleum

biotuminous coal

(bio)chemical, organics

conglomerate historic/prehistoric uses

building; flintknapping, carving

brecia prehistoric uses

flintknapping, carving

quartz sandstone historic/prehistoric uses

ore of iron; FCR, abrader, groundstone tools, pigment, nutting stones, shaft straighteners, net sinkers

arkose sandstone historic/prehistoric uses

rock oil; stone tools, Ditto sandstone

mudstone (silt/claystone) prehistoric uses

stone tools, pipestone

T/F: mudstones may be micaceous

true

shale historic/prehistoric uses

gravestones, iron ore (kidney ore); stone tools

argillite prehistoric uses

stone tools (knappable)

sparry and micritic limestone historic/prehistoric uses

gravestones, building stones; chert lenses/nodules, FCR

oolitic and fossiliferous limestone historic/prehistoric uses

gravestones, building stones; silicious (cherty) stone tools

coquina historic uses

Spanish fort construction

cannel coal historic/prehistoric uses

fossil fuel (oil shale); pendants, beads (Monongahela and Neolithic)

biotuminous coal historic uses

fossil fuel

clastic rocks

composed of particles such as gravel, sand, and mud; form on land

chemical rocks

composed of calcite or decomposed plants; form in the ocean

coarse grainsize

gravel/pebble

medium grainsize

sand

fine grainsize

mud

calcite

CaCO₃

T/F: sandstone may contain hematite and therefore can be iron-rich

true

crystalline

visible calcite crystals (spar)

microcrystalline

invisible calcite crystals (micritic)