Intense (Envi Engg): Solid Waste Management (copy)

solid waste

“Comprises all the wastes arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and that are discarded as useless or unwanted.” (Tchobanoglous)

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

RA 9003

municipal solid waste

Generated within a community from several sources, and not simply by the individual aconsumer or a household

• Solid waste generated by households, including mixed non-sorted waste

• Recyclables (whether or not they are collected separately)

• Litter and community trash

• Commercial waste

garbage

results from growing, handling, preparation, cooking and consumption of food putrescible material, i e can decompose quickly through microbial reactions to produce bad odors and harmful gases

rubbish

non-putrescible; combustible and non-combustible such as cans, papers, brush, glass, cardboard, wood, scrap, metals, beddings, yard clippings, crockery (pottery)

hazardous waste

Are substances that are w/o any safe commercial, industrial, agricultural or economic usage and are shipped, transported or brought from the country of origin for dumping or disposal into or in transit through any part of the territory of the Philippines

January 26, 2001

Approval of RA9003

February 16, 2001

Effectivity of RA 9003

August 31, 2001

Submission of the IRR Pre-final draft (8th version)

December 4, 2001

finalization of the 10th version

December 21, 2001

Signing of the IRR of RA 9002

February 16, 2004

Date when all open dumpsites should have been closed or converted to controlled disposal facilities

February 16, 2006

All controlled disposal facilities shall be deemed closed and phase-out

Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 9003

DENR A.O No. 2001-34

Local Government Code of the Philippines

RA 7160

Adopting the Landfill Site Identification and Screening Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facilities

DAO 1998-50

Interim Guidelines for the Importation of Recyclable Materials Containing Hazardous Substances.

DAO 1994 28

Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990

RA 6969

Implementing Rules and Regulations (of RA 6969

DAO 1992-29

Amending Memorandum Circular No 39 A, dated January 19, 1988 by Reconstituting the Presidential Task Force on Waste Management

Memorandum Circular 88

This proclamation defines the scope and coverage of the Environmental Impact Statement (system It mainly provides that infrastructure and solid waste disposal projects are considered environmentally critical projects and thus subject to the EIS system

Proclamation 2149

Presidential Decree 1586 1978

This Decree establishes an EIS system, identifying the lead agencies, secretariat, management and sources of financial assistance, rules and regulations, and penalties pursuant to PD 1151 (Philippine Environmental Policy)

Presidential Decree 1152

Philippine Environmental Code 1977

Presidential Decree 1151

Philippine Environmental Policy 1977

Presidential Decree 984

Pollution Control Law

Presidential Decree 856

Sanitation Code of the Philippines

Presidential Decree 825

Providing Penalty for Improper Disposal of Garbage and Other Forms of Uncleanliness and for Other Purposes 1975

Presidential Decree 1067

Water Code of the Philippines

Presidential Decree 552

The Decree prescribes sanitation requirements for the operation of establishments and facilities catering to the traveling public

Republic Act 3931

Pollution Control Law 1976

Commonwealth 383

Water Pollution

DAO 2006 10

Guidelines on the Categorized Final Disposal Facilities (Sanitary Landfill)

Solid Waste Management

Shall refer to the discipline associated with the control of generation storage collection transfer and transport processing and disposal of solid wastes in a manner that is in accord with the best principles of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics, and other environmental considerations, and that is also responsive to public attitudes.

waste generation

Information has to be gathered about the sources of waste, the nature of waste produced by these sources, and their corresponding amounts. Current practices at the source also need to be determined The resulting baseline information is critical in the design and planning of an integrated SWM system

on-site storage

Solid waste must be stored first before they are collected. A good onsite storage facility must have the following features:

a. Keeps waste properly contained to avoid health hazards (e.g does not tip over easily with contents spilled out)

b. Makes collection easy

c. Is aesthetically pleasing

collection

This entails the regular and systematic gathering of waste from various storage sites and pick up points, hauling them to transfer stations, processing and recovery facilities, or to final disposal sites Collection is the most expensive SWM element, usually accounting for 40 percent to 80 percent of waste management costs

transfer and transport

Intermediate collection sites called “transfer stations” are usually recommended if the final disposal site is located far from the waste collection points. They are also often more economical. These transfer stations involve smaller collection trucks that haul waste to transfer stations where they are then loaded into larger vehicles These large trucks convey waste to either processing and recovery facilities, or to the final disposal site

processing and recovery

This element refers to procedures that are designed to recover usable materials such as raw materials for compost, or procedures that transform waste to heat or electricity. Examples of the former are magnetic separation, density separation, and size reduction

disposal

The nature and amount of waste should be considered when deciding on an appropriate disposal method to avoid secondary environmental problems such as groundwater contamination and air pollution

Barangay level

_____________ shall conduct segregation and collection of solid waste for biodegradable, compostable and reusable wastes

Municipality or city

__________________ shall be responsible for the collection of non-recyclable materials and special wastes

buy-back center

shall refer to a recycling center that purchases or otherwise accepts recyclable materials from the public for the purpose of recycling such materials

materials recover facility

shall include solid waste transfer station or sorting station, drop off center, a composting facility, and a recycling facility

solid waste management facility

shall refer to any resource recovery system or component thereof any system, program, or facility for resource conservation any facility for the collection, source separation, storage, transportation, transfer, processing, treatment, or disposal of solid waste

transfer stations

shall refer to those facilities utilized to receive solid wastes, temporarily store, separate, convert, or otherwise process the materials in the solid wastes, or to transfer the solid wastes directly from smaller to larger vehicles for transport This

agricultural waste

shall refer to waste generated from planting or harvesting of crops, trimming or pruning of plants and wastes or run off materials from farms or fields

bulky waste

shall refer to waste materials which cannot be appropriately placed in separate containers because of either its bulky size, shape or other physical attributes These include large worn out or broken household, commercial, and industrial items such as furniture, lamps, bookcases, filing cabinets, and other similar items

consumer electronics

shall refer to special wastes that include worn out, broken, and other discarded items such as radios, stereos, and TV sets

hazardous waste

shall refer to solid waste or combination of solid waste which because of its quantity, concentration, or physical, chemical or infectious characteristics may cause, or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in serious irreversible, or incapacitating reversible, illness or pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, or disposed of, or otherwise managed

leeachate

shall refer to the liquid produced when waste undergo decomposition, and when water percolate through solid waste undergoing decomposition It is a contaminated liquid that contains dissolved and suspended materials

municipal waste

shall refer to wastes produced from activities within local government units which include a combination of domestic, commercial, institutional and industrial wastes and street litters

special wastes

shall refer to household hazardous wastes such as paints, thinners, household batteries, lead acid batteries, spray canisters and the like. These include wastes from residential and commercial sources that comprise of bulky wastes, consumer electronics, white goods, yard wastes that are collected separately, batteries, oil, and tires. These wastes are usually handled separately from other residential and commercial wastes

white goods

shall refer to large worn out or broken household, commercial, and industrial appliances such as stoves, refrigerators, dishwashers, and clothes washers and dryers collected separately White goods are usually dismantled for the recovery of specific materials (e g copper, aluminum, etc.

yard waste

shall refer to wood, small or chipped branches, leaves, grass clippings, garden debris, vegetables residue that is recognizable as part of a plant or vegetable and other materials identified by the Commission

controlled dump

shall refer to a disposal site at which solid waste is deposited in accordance with the minimum prescribed standards of dumpsite operation

disposal site

shall refer to a site where solid waste is finally discharged and deposited

open dump

shall refer to a disposal area wherein the solid wastes are indiscriminately thrown or disposed of without due planning and consideration for environmental and health standards

sanitary landfill

shall refer to a waste disposal site designed, constructed, operated and maintained in a manner that exerts engineering control over significant potential environmental impacts arising from the development and operation of the facility

segragation

shall refer to sorting and segregation of different materials found in solid waste in order to promote recycling and re use of resources and to reduce the volume of waste for collection and disposal

segregation at source

shall refer to a solid waste management practice of separating, at the point of origin, different materials found in solid waste in order to promote recycling and re use of resources and to reduce the volume of waste for collection and disposal

source reduction

shall refer to the reduction of solid waste before it enters the solid waste stream by methods such as product design, materials substitution, materials re use and packaging restrictions

source separation

shall refer to the sorting of solid waste into some or all of its component parts at the point of generation

generation

shall refer to the act or process of producing solid waste

collection

shall refer to the act of removing solid waste from the source or from a common storage point

storage

shall refer to the interim containment of solid waste after generation and prior to collection for ultimate recovery or disposal

composting

shall refer to the systematic decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms, mainly bacteria and fungi, into a humus like product

open burning

shall refer to the thermal destruction of wastes by means of direct exposure to fire Furthermore, this definition shall apply to traditional small scale methods of community sanitation “siga”

waste diversion

shall refer to activities which reduce or eliminate the amount of solid wastes from waste disposal facilities

disposal

shall refer to the discharge, deposit, dumping, spilling, leaking or placing of any solid waste into or in any land

recycling

shall refer to the treating of used or waste materials through a process of making them suitable for beneficial use and for other purposes, and includes any process by which solid waste materials are transformed into new products in such a manner that the original products may lose their identity, and which may be used as raw materials for the production of other goods or services Provided, that the collection, segregation and re use of previously used packaging material shall be deemed recycling under the Act

resource conservation

shall refer to the reduction of the amount of solid waste that are generated or the reduction of overall resource consumption, and utilization of recovered resources

resource recovery

shall refer to the collection, extraction or recovery of recyclable materials from the waste stream for the purpose of recycling, generating energy or producing a product suitable for beneficial use Provided, That, such resource recovery facilities exclude incineration

reuse

shall refer to the process of recovering materials intended for the same or different purpose without the alteration of physical and chemical characteristics

post-consumer material

shall refer only to those materials or products generated by a business or consumer which have served their intended end use, and which have been separated or diverted from solid waste for the purpose of being collected, processed and used as a raw material in the manufacturing of recycled product, excluding materials and by products generated from, and commonly used within an original manufacturing process, such as mill scrap

recovered material

shall refer to material and by products that have been recovered or diverted from solid waste for the purpose of being collected, processed and used as a raw material in the manufacture of a recycled product

recycled material

shall refer to post consumer material that has been recycled and returned to the economy

recyclable material

shall refer to any waste material retrieved from the waste stream and free from contamination that can still be converted into suitable beneficial use or for other purposes, including, but not limited to, newspaper, ferrous scrap metal, non ferrous scrap metal, used oil, corrugated cardboard, aluminum, glass, office paper, tin cans, plastics and other materials as may be determined by the Commission

opportunity to recycle

shall refer to the act of providing a place for collecting source separated recyclable material, located either at a disposal site or at another location more convenient to the population being served, and collection at least once a month of source separated recyclable material from collection service customers and to providing a public education and promotion program that gives notice to each person of the opportunity to recycle and encourage source separation of recyclable material

Ecological solid waste management

shall refer to the systematic administration of activities which provide for segregation at source, segregated transportation, storage, transfer, processing, treatment, and disposal of solid waste and all other waste management activities which do not harm the environment

environmentally acceptable

shall refer to the quality of being re usable, biodegradable or compostable, recyclable and not toxic or hazardous to the environment

environmentally preferrable

shall refer to products or services that have a lesser or reduced effect on human health and the environment when compared with competing products or services that serve the same purpose This comparison may consider raw materials acquisition, production, manufacturing, packaging, distribution, reuse, operation, maintenance or disposal of the product or service

#1

PET #

Polyethylene terephthalate

PET means

#2

HDPE #

High density PE

HDPE means

#3

PVC

Polyvinyl Chloride

PVC means

#4

LDPE #

Low Density PE

LDPE means

#5

PP #

Polyproypelene

PP means

#6

PS #

Polystyrene

PS means

#7

Others #

Multilayered and other special plastics

Others means in Plastic Resin Identification Codes

PET

This is the thin, clear plastic used for bottled water, soda, juices, condiments, etc This plastic can contain trace amount of the EDC. While PET/PETE is relatively stable at normal temperatures, it will leach readily when exposed to heat such as when left in a car. It is for this reason that consumers are advised not to keep water bottles in the car. Since the plastic degrades with use, it is advised to not reuse these plastic products

HDPE

This is the thicker, more opaque plastic found in milk and water jugs, juice bottles, detergent, shampoo, and motor oil containers, and toys. Unlike 1 these are safe to refill and reuse

PVC

It’s found in everything from shower curtains to baby bibs, mattress covers, shampoo and liquid soap bottles, cling wrap, cooking oil bottles, pipes, and much more PVC contains endocrine disrupting phthalates, which have been linked to reproductive problems and birth defects

LDPE

This plastic is used to create flexible plastics products like grocery story bags, plastic food storage bags, bread bags, frozen food packaging bags, plastic wrap, dry cleaning bags, and garbage bags