Glossary 5

Compulsory education

means obligation of the appropriate government to provide free elementary  to every child in the six to fourteen age group. ‘Free’ means that no child shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.

(Обов'язкова освіта)

Public schools

in England and Wales, is a type of fee-charging private school. They are "public" in the sense of being open to pupils irrespective of locality, denomination or paternal trade or profession. In Scotland, a public school is synonymous with a state school in England and Wales. Fee-charging schools are typically referred to as private or independent schools

. (Приватні школи)

Private schools

are educational institutions that are not funded by the government and require tuition fees to be paid by students or their families. (Приватні школи)

State schools

provide education to pupils between the ages of 3 and 18 without charge. They receive funding through their local authority or directly from the government. (Державні школи)

Boarding schools

are schools where children study and live during the school year with their fellow students and possibly teachers or administrators. Children may be sent for one year to twelve years or more in boarding school, until the age of eighteen. Full-term boarders visit their homes at the end of an academic year, semester boarders visit their homes at the end of an academic term, weekly boarders visit their homes at weekends.

Single-sex/co-educational schools

are educational institutions where only students of one gender attend, while co-educational schools are schools where both male and female students study together. (Школи для хлопців/дівчат або спільні школи)

Eton/Harrow/Rugby/Winchester

are prestigious British public schools known for their long histories and high academic standards.

Curriculum

refers to the planned course of study and the subjects taught in an educational institution. (Навчальна програма)

Vocational education

focuses on teaching specific skills and knowledge related to a particular trade, profession, or occupation. (Професійна освіта)

SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test)

is a standardized test widely used for college admissions in the United States. It is typically taken by high school juniors and seniors. The SAT is intended to measure literacy, numeracy and writing skills that are needed for academic success in college.(SAT (Сколастичне оцінювання))

GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education)

are usually taken by students in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland at the end of their secondary education, around the age of 16. They cover a wide range of subjects and provide a foundation for further study or employment.

SCE (Standard Certificate of Education)

is a qualification typically taken by students aged 16 to 18, after completing their secondary education. It is divided into two levels: the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) and the Advanced Level (A-Level).

(Стандартне свідоцтво про освіту))

A-levels (Advanced Level)

are the traditional qualifications that are offered by schools and colleges for students aged between 16 and 19. Сome after GCSEs. Students usually choose three or four subjects to study in greater detail, such as mathematics, sciences, humanities, languages, or arts. (рівень А))

IB (International Baccalaureate)

is an internationally recognized qualification that offers a broad and balanced curriculum for students aged 16 to 19. (Міжнародний бакалаврат (МБ))

GNVQ (General National Vocational Qualification)

was a vocational qualification in England and Wales that provided practical skills and knowledge in specific occupational areas and was available until 2007 (Загальний національний професійний кваліфікат)

BA/BS (Bachelor of Arts)/(Bachelor of Science)

are undergraduate academic degrees awarded upon completion of a specific course of study in arts or science disciplines, respectively. (Бакалавр (гуманітарних наук)) (Бакалавр (природничих наук))

MA/MS (Master of Arts)/(Master of Science)

are postgraduate degrees that can be obtained after completing a bachelor's degree. They typically involve advanced study in a specific field. (Магістр (гуманітарних наук)) (Магістр (природничих наук))

PhD

a student who has completed any necessary coursework and related examinations and is working on their thesis/dissertation

Honours degree

is an undergraduate degree that recognizes students who have achieved a high level of academic performance in their studies, often involving additional coursework or a research project. (диплом з відзнакою)

Undergraduate

is a student who is studying for their first degree at a college or university and has not yet received a bachelor’s degree.