10.4 10.5 flashcards Female & Male Hormones

Flashcards covering female and male hormones, contraceptive drugs, uterine drugs, osteoporosis, and androgen inhibitors.

Estrogen & Progesterone

Major female endogenous steroidal hormones including Estradiol, Estrone, and Estriol.

Menopausal Symptoms

Estrogen is used to treat Vasomotor hot flashes, and atrophic vaginitis.

Black Cohosh

Herbal remedy used to manage symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes, and also used for menstrual cramping & to induce labor. Side effect is stomach upset.

Progesterone

Produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation & by the placenta during pregnancy. It creates optimal conditions for pregnancy, inhibits uterine contractions during pregnancy, and induces menstruation.

Contraceptive Drugs

Medications used to prevent pregnancy containing estrogen & progestin in combination. They can be Monophasic, Biphasic, or Triphasic.

Monophasic Contraceptive Drugs

Fixed dose of estrogen/progesterone over 21 days.

Biphasic Contraceptive Drugs

Fixed dose of estrogen & low dose progesterone for first 10 days, then a higher dose of progesterone for rest of cycle.

Triphasic Contraceptive Drugs

Varying doses of estrogen/progesterone that most closely duplicates normal hormonal levels.

Oxytocin

Endogenous hormone produced by the posterior pituitary. Drug oxytocin mimics the natural hormone used antepartum to induce uterine contractions Stimulation of contractions and movement of milk from mammary glands to nipples

Tocolytics

Drugs used to prevent uterine contractions and relaxes the uterus. Used for preterm labor, short-term to delay labor for 48 hours.

Osteoporosis

Low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue Bone is porous, brittle and fragile which increases fracture risk. More common in postmenopausal women due to low estrogen levels

Bisphosphonates

Drug of choice for osteoporosis, such as Alendronate sodium (Fosamax). It is used for the prevention & treatment of osteoporosis, it inhibits osteoclast bone reabsorption, and reverses lost bone mass & decreases fracture risk

Androgens

Male sex hormones (primarily testosterone). Role is development & maintenance of 1st & 2nd sex characteristics.

Testosterone

It promotes tissue building processes such as formation & maintenance of muscle tissue. Stimulates the production of erythropoietin in the kidneys causing weight gain & increased muscular strength & mass.

Androgen Inhibitors

Block the effect of naturally occurring androgens and inhibit the enzyme 5-⍺ reductase. Used for BPH & alopecia, common med: finasteride (Proscar).

BPH

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia