Kinesiology Exam #2

shoulder girdle bones

scapula and clavicle

how to orient scapula bone

spine goes posterior and glenoid fossa will be further from midline

scapulathoracic

not a true joint but a functional interface where the scapula moves against the rib cage

sternoclavicular joint

saddle joint that connects the clavicle to the manubrium

acromioclavicular joint

joint that connects the acromial process to scapula via gliding and rotational motion

glenohumeral joint

main ball-and-socket joint where the humerus meets the glenoid cavity

upper trapezius muscle

movement: elevation, neck extension

where: posterior, attachments on base of skull

middle trapezius muscles

movement: retraction

where: posterior, superficial, attachment to spinal cord

lower trapezius muscles

movement: depression

where: posterior, superficial, attachment on vertebrate

levator scapulae

movement: elevation

where: posterior, attachment from the superior angle on scapula

rhomboid major and minor muscle

movement: retraction, downward rotation (prime mover)

where: shoulder girdle, posterior, deep

serratus anterior muscle

movement: protraction, upward rotation

where: shoulder girdle, anterior, originates on ribs and inserts  on medial border of scapula

pectoralis minor

movement: protraction, depression

where: shoulder girdle, anterior, originates on ribs and inserts on coracoid

pectoralis major

movement: horizontal flexion

location: anterior, superficial

latissimus dorsi

movement: adduction

location: posterior, inserts on intertubercular groove

anterior deltoid head

movement: flexion

middle head of deltoid

movement: abduction

posterior head of deltoid

movement: horizontal abduction, extension (with synergists)

coracobrachialis

movement: helper on the front (abduction, adduction, horizontal adduction)

location: originates on the coracoid process and inserts on the midsection of the humerus

supraspinatus

movement: weak abduction, scaption

location: inserts on greater tubercle and originates on the supraspinous fossa (goes under clavicle)

infraspinatus muscle

movement: external rotation

location: posterior, inserts on greater tubercle and originates on infraspinatus fossa

teres minor

movement: external rotation

location: inserts on greater tubercle and originates on posterior, lateral scapula borders

subscapularis

movement: internal rotation

location: inserts on the lesser tubercle and originates on the subscapularis fossa

teres major

movement: helper on the posterior side (extension, internal rotation, adduction)

scaption

combination of flexion and internal rotation; in scapular plane