Study guide lectures for DR BROWN

Acquired Neurogenic Cognitive-Linguistic Disorders

Language issues caused by brain dysfunction, affecting formulation, comprehension, and cognitive processing.

Apraxia of Speech

A motor speech disorder involving difficulty planning speech movements.

Broca's Aphasia

A type of aphasia characterized by non-fluent speech and preserved comprehension.

Wernicke's Aphasia

A type of aphasia marked by fluent yet nonsensical speech with severely impaired comprehension.

Global Aphasia

The most severe form of aphasia, resulting in profound impairment across all language modalities.

Neuroplasticity

The brain's ability to adapt and recover from injury.

Anomia

Difficulty finding the correct word during speech, common in various types of aphasia.

Circle of Willis

An arterial ring at the base of the brain that provides collateral circulation.

Incidence

The number of newly diagnosed cases over a specific period.

Prevalence

The proportion of a population that has a specific condition at a given time.

Dysarthria

A motor speech disorder characterized by weak or poorly coordinated speech muscles.

Cognitive Processing

Higher-level functions required to process language effectively.

Neuroanatomy

The study of the structure of the nervous system.

Auditory Comprehension

Difficulty understanding spoken language.

Prosopagnosia

A condition characterized by difficulty recognizing faces.

Telescoping Speech

Simplified or telegraphic speech often seen in aphasia.

Hemisphere Specialization

The concept that certain functions of the brain are localized in either the left or right hemisphere.

Agraphia

Writing impairment due to brain lesions, commonly found in aphasia.

Alexia

Inability to comprehend written language, often linked to brain injury.

Subcortical Aphasia

Aphasia due to lesions below the cortex, affecting thalamus and basal ganglia.

Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)

A gradual language loss condition with preserved cognition, featuring subtypes like semantic and logopenic.

Conduction Aphasia

A type of aphasia with good comprehension but impaired ability to repeat phrases accurately.

Visual Neglect

A condition where individuals ignore one side of their visual field.