BASC103A - Module 1 (Introductory)

Anatomy

Anatomy

Academic discipline in vetmed about animal parts

Biotic and Abiotic Component

2 Components of the Ecosystem

welfare legislation

considers how humans must treat animals includes rules & regulations, & mandates in the animal welfare act (3 Essential Aspects of Welfare)

Animal Welfare

branch of veterinary science that deals w/quality of life experienced by an animal

Animal Welfare

encompasses how well the animal is coping w/its current situation & surroundings

2,000 BC

year that pigeons, other poultry, & elephants were domesticated

3 Concepts of Animal Welfare

normal biological function, emotional state, ability to express certain normal behaviors

normal biological function

ensures that the animal is healthy & well-nourished (3 Concepts of Animal Welfare)

Emotional state

The absence of negative emotions; pain & chronic fear (3 Concepts of Animal Welfare)

Ability to express certain normal behaviors

Involves the expression of animal behavior in their normal environment (3 Concepts of Animal Welfare)

Biotic Component

living things such as flora and fauna

Zootechniques

Academic discipline in vetmed about the methods & techniques in animal production

Vertebrates

animals that have backbones

Parasitology

Academic discipline in vetmed about parasites (worms & protozoans)

Pet/Companion Animals

indoor animals; animals in close association w/humans such as dogs & cats

Poultry

biped (2-footed); animals w/feathers (ex. chickens, ducks, pigeons, turkeys)

Abiotic Component

non-living things such as lithosphere (soil), hydrosphere (water), & atmosphere (air)

1,000 BC

year that rabbits were domesticated

Companion animals, poultry, livestock, exotic

Scope animals of vetmed; animals belonging to the Phylum Chordata

Medicine and surgery

Academic discipline in vetmed that deals w/the nature & treatment of diseases, as well as medical interventions

Livestock

quadraped (4-footed animals); w/mammary glands (ex. horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs)

Physical state

refers to the basic health & functioning & addresses the physical fitness of animals (3 Circle Model in Animal Welfare)

domestic animals

docile/tame animals; in close association w/humans

10,000 BC

year that dogs were domesticated

Production Indicators (MEGB)

• Meat & milk production

• Egg & wool production

• Growth & development

• Body weight

9,000 BC

year that sheep and goats were domesticated

welfare science

considers the effects of humans to animals from the animals POV; animal management, treatment of disease (3 Essential Aspects of Welfare)

Physical Indicators (BFHW)

• Body condition

• Facial expression

• Hair (mammals) & feather (Poultry) condition

• Walking pattern

Physiology

Academic discipline in vetmed about animal functions

4,000 BC

year that cattle, oxen, & buffaloes were domesticated

Behavioral Indicators (ACNI)

• Alertness of the animals

• Animal’s curiosity

• Normal range of behavior

• Interaction with other animals & humans

Invertebrates

animals that don't have backbones includes the Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms & tapeworms), Phylum Nemathelminthes (roundworms), Phylum Porifera (sponges)

Animal Welfare

considers the animal’s actual feeling, animal sensation & animal psychological well-being

welfare science, welfare ethics, welfare legislation

Enumerate the 3 Essential Aspects of Welfare

1. Freedom from hunger & thirst: nutrition

2. Freedom from discomfort: physical environment

3. Freedom from pain, injury, & disease: health

4. Freedom to express normal behavior: behavior

5. Freedom from fear & stress: mental state

5 Freedoms in Animal Welfare

14th century

year that turkeys were domesticated

Physiological Indicators (HRBCF)

o Heart rate (corresponds to the pulse rate) o Respiratory rate (slow/fast breathing) o Body temperature (rectal temperature) o Cortisol level (hormone released from the adrenal cortex from the adrenal grand that corresponds to stress) o Feed intake

Pharmacology

Academic discipline in vetmed that deals with drugs and medication

19th - 20th century

year that ostriches were domesticated

dogs

the first animal to be domesticated

1930

year that hamsters were domesticated

welfare

refers to the physical, mental, & overall well being of animals

welfare ethics

considers human actions towards animals; include use of laboratory animals (3 Essential Aspects of Welfare)

3,000 BC

year that cats & horses were domesticated

Nutrition, Physical environment, Health, Behavior, Mental state

Enumerate the 5 domains in animal welfare

3,000 - 1,000 BC

year that camels were domesticated

Physical state, mental state, and naturalness

Enumerate the 3 Circle Model in Animal Welfare

mental state

considers the emotional state so that animals should feel mentally well & have positive emotions (3 Circle Model in Animal Welfare)

7,000 BC

year that pigs were domesticated

naturalness

emphasizes that animals should be able to live reasonably natural lives to perform normal behavior; shouldn’t be kept in captivity (3 Circle Model in Animal Welfare)

Indicators of Animal Welfare

Signs to be observed from animals if they are in positive/negative welfare

Pathology

Academic discipline in vetmed about animal diseases

5 Domains in Animal Welfare

• A scientific structure that evaluates the animal’s welfare

• Acknowledging how they experience emotions both positive & negative

Microbiology

Academic discipline in vetmed about microbes (bacteria, fungi & viruses)