Studied by 17 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
What structure is this?
Rectus abdominis
What is the OIAN of the rectus abdominis?
O - pubic crest, pubic tubercule and pubis syphysis
I - costal cartilage of ribs 5-7
A - depress ribs/flexes abdomen
N - thoracoabdominal nerve
What covers the rectus abdominis?
Anterior rectus sheath
What structure is this?
Inferior vena cava
What level does the inferior vena cava begin at? What anastomoses to form the IVC?
L5
Union of right and left common iliac veins
What level does the inferior vena cava end at?
T8
What drains directly into the inferior vena cava?
Right suprarenal vein
Right and left renal veins
Right gonadal vein
What structure is this?
Quadratus lumborum
What is the OIAN of the quadratus lumborum?
O - iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest
I - medial half of 12th rib and tips of lumbar TPs
A - extension and lateral flexion
N - ventral rami of T12-L2
What structure is this?
Abdominal aorta
What level does the abdominal aorta begin?
T12
What is the abdominal aorta a continuation of?
Thoracic aorta/aortic arch
What level does the abdominal aorta end?
L4
What are the branches unpaired branches off the abdominal aorta? (4)
Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Middle sacral artery
What are the paired branches of the abdominal aorta? (6)
Inferior phrenic artery
Middle suprarenal artery
Renal artery
Lumbar artery 1-4
Gonadal artery
Common iliac artery
What structure is this?
Sacrotuberous ligament
What forms the lateral pelvic wall?
Sacrotuberous ligament
What forms the posterolateral boundary of the pelvic outlet?
Sacrotuberous ligament
What does the sacrotuberous ligament do?
Stabilize SIJ
What does the sacrotuberous ligament connect?
Ischial tuberosity and sacrum
What structure is this?
Caudate lobe of liver
What lobe of the liver is the caudate lobe anatomically a part of?
Right lobe
What lobe of the liver is the caudate lobe functionally a part of?
Left lobe
What structure is this?
Spleen
What is the spleen?
Largest lymphoid organ in the body
What is the spleen responsible for?
Produce lymphocytes
Filters blood by getting rid of dying red blood cells, platelets and microorganisms
Reservoir for blood (highly vascular organ)
Where is the spleen located?
Left upper quadrant
Left hypogastric
Ribs 9-11
Label this diagram
What forms the posterior pelvic wall?
Anterior surface of sacrum
Piriformis
What muscle does the anterior surface of the sacrum serve as an origin for?
Piriformis
What structure is this?
Piriformis
What are the OIAN of the piriformis?
O - anterolateral aspect of sacrum
I - trochantric fossa
A - external rotation
N - nerve to piriformis
What separates the superior gluteal VANs from the inferior VANs?
Piriformis muscle
What is the main structure passing through the greater sciatic foramen?
Piriformis muscle?
What is the red portion?
Fundus of the gallbladder
What is located at Murphey’s point?
Fundus of the gallbladder
What structure is this?
Jejunum
What quadrant is the jejunum located in?
Upper left quadrant
Is the jejunum intrperitoneal or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
How do the circular folds of the jejunum compare to those in the ilium?
Taller and more numerous
How do the arterial arcades of the jejunum compare to those in the ilium?
Larger but fewer with long vasa recti
What is the mesenteric connection of the jejunum?
Attached to posterior wall above and to the left and to the left posterior wall above and to the aorta
What is the fat deposition in the jejunum?
More fat at root and less near intestine
What is the lymphoid follicular deposition in the jejunum?
Scattered throughout submucosa
What is the blood supply of the jejunum?
Superior mesenteric artery (branch off abdominal aorta)
What is the lymph drainage of the jejunum?
Mesenteric nodes → superior mesteric nodes → intestinal trunk → cisterna chyli
What is the nerve supply of the jejunum?
Celiac plexus and superior mesenteric plexus
Preganglionic parasympathetic (brainstem and S2-S4)
Postganglionic sympathetic (prevertebral ganglia)
GVA
What structure is this?
Psoas major
What is the OIAN of the psoas major?
O - TPs and intervening IVDs of lumbar (T12-L5)
I - lesser trochanter
A - primary flexor of the thigh; flexes trunk when thighs are flexed
N - ventral rami of L2-L4
What structure is this?
Renal pyramids
What are the renal pyramids made up of?
Medulla
Where do the apexes (papilla) of the renal pyramids point towards?
Renal sinus
What structures are highlighted in yellow?
Inferior epigastric artery and vein
What is the inferior epigastric artery a branch of?
External iliac
Where is the inferior epigastric artery found?
Within the lateral umbilical folds
What does the inferior epigastric artery anastomose with?
Superior epigastric artery
What forms the lateral boundary of the inguinal triangle?
Inferior epigastric artery
Where would a direct inguinal hernia fall relative to the inferior epigastric artery?
Medial (outside the triangle)
Where would an indirect inguinal hernia fall relative to the inferior epigastric artery?
Lateral (inside the triangle)
What structure is highlighted in yellow?
Spermatic cord
What are the three layers of the spermatic cord?
Internal spermatic fascia
Cremasteric fascia
External spermatic fascia
What abdominal layer was the internal spermatic fascia derived from?
Transversalis fascia
What abdominal layer was the cremasteric fascia derived from?
Internal oblique muscle
What abdominal layer was the external spermatic fascia derived from?
External oblique aponeurosis
What structure is highlighted in green?
Femoral nerve
What plexus is the femoral nerve a part of?
Lumbar plexus
What spinal nerves does the femoral nerve originate from?
L2-L4
Where does the femoral nerve provide motor innervation? What is the action associated?
Anterior muscles of thighs (quads)
Knee extension and thigh flexion
Where does the femoral nerve provide sensory information?
Anterior medial thigh
What would be the result of damage to the femoral nerve?
Loss of knee extension and partial thigh flexion
What structure is highlighted in green?
Inguinal ligament
What forms the inferior border of the inguinal triangle?
Inguinal ligament
What forms the superior border of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament
Where does the inguinal ligament attach?
ASIS and pubic tubercle
What structure is highlighted in green?
Genitofemoral nerve
What plexus is the genitofemoral nerve a part of?
Lumbar plexus
What spinal nerves is the genitofemoral nerve connected to?
L1 and L2
What are the lateral and medial branches of the genitofermoral nerve?
Medial - genital branch
Lateral - femoral branch
What is the motor and sensory role of the genital branch?
Motor - cremasteric reflex
Sensory - supplies labia majora or scrotum
What is the motor and sensory role of the femoral branch?
Motor - GVE
Sensory - skin overlying femoral triangle
Where is the genitofemoral nerve located in the abdomen?
Anterior to psoas major
What structure is highlighted in green?
Round ligament of the liver
What is the round ligament of the liver also known as?
Ligamentum teres
Where is the round ligament of the liver found and where does it run?
Below falciform ligament
Runs from liver to umbilicus
What is ligamentum teres a remnant of?
Obliterated umbilical vein
What structure is highlighted in green?
Obturator nerve
What plexus is the obturator nerve a part of?
Lumbar plexus
What spinal nerves does the obturator nerve attach to?
L2-L4
What is the motor role of the obturator nerve?
Supplies adductor muscles
What is the sensory role of the obturator nerve?
Lower medial aspect of the thigh
Where is the obturator nerve found in the abdominal cavity?
Medial to psoas major
What would happen if the obturator nerve was damaged?
Negative adduction
Walk like a cowboy
What structure is highlighted in green?
Ligamentum venosum
Where does ligamentum venosum sit relative to the lobes of the liver?
Between left and caudate lobe
What does the ligamentum venosum connect?
Left hepatic and portal vein
What is ligamentum venosum a remnant of?
Ductus venosus
What was the purpose of the ductus venosus?
Allow for bloodflow to bipass the liver so blood from the umbilical vein could go directly to the left haptic vein then into the IVC
What surface landmark is highlighted in green?
Linea semilunarus
Semilunar line
What does the semilunar line mark?
Lateral border of rectus abdominis
What structure is highlighted in pink?
Ureters
Note
Flashcard