Water Properties and Hydrogen Bonding

Flashcards about water properties and hydrogen bonding.

Polar Molecule

A molecule with ends having opposite partial charges.

Like Attracts Like

Substances attracted to other polar substances.

Hydrophilic Substance

A substance that has an affinity for water; it attracts water.

Hydrophobic Substance

A substance that avoids water; it does not have an affinity for water.

Hydrogen Bonding

A chemical intermolecular bond that occurs when a hydrogen atom bonds to a highly electronegative atom (oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine).

Cohesion

The attraction of water molecules to each other due to hydrogen bonds.

Adhesion

The attraction of water to other molecules and surfaces.

Surface Tension

The difficulty to break the surface of water because of cohesive forces.

Specific Heat

The amount of heat energy it takes to raise or lower the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius; water has a high one.

Evaporative Cooling

Water absorbs a lot of heat and leaves a surface cooler due to water's high heat of vaporization.

Acid

When a molecule increases hydronium concentration by releasing hydrogen ions into solutions.

Base

When a molecule increases hydroxide concentration by absorbing or accepting hydrogen ions.