AP World History Period 2: Rise of Russia (1450-1750)

Flashcards covering the key events and figures in the rise of Russia during the AP World History Period 2 (1450-1750).

What impact did Mongol rule have on Russia?

Isolated Russia, centralized power around Moscow, and fostered an autocratic political culture.

What were the key accomplishments of Ivan III (the Great)?

Ended the Mongol Yoke, expanded and consolidated Russian territory, promoted the ideology of the "Third Rome", and centralized administration.

What action symbolized Moscow's claim as the "Third Rome"?

Ivan III marrying Sophia Palaiologina and strenghtening Russian Orthodox Church's ties to the state.

What title did Ivan IV adopt in 1547?

"Tsar of All Rus'"

What were the significant conquests during the reign of Ivan IV?

Conquest of Kazan and Astrakhan, and expansion into Siberia.

What was the Oprichnina and what was its impact?

A separate state within Russia created by Ivan IV, used to suppress the boyars. It broke the power of the aristocracy but devastated the economy.

How did Ivan IV contribute to the intensification of serfdom?

He imposed further restrictions on peasant movement, laying the groundwork for hereditary serfdom.

What was the Time of Troubles?

A period of political instability, civil war, famine, and foreign intervention following the end of the Rurik Dynasty.

How and when did the Romanov dynasty come to power?

Mikhail Romanov was elected Tsar by a Zemsky Sobor in 1613.

What was the Law Code of Alexei Mikhailovich?

The law that solidified serfdom, making it hereditary in 1649.

What were the key goals of Peter the Great's reforms?

To Westernize and modernize Russia to catch up with leading European states.

What was the Great Northern War and what was its significance?

A conflict with Sweden that resulted in Russia gaining control over the Baltic Sea and a "window on Europe."

Why was St. Petersburg founded?

To serve as a new capital city symbolizing Russia's embrace of European influence.

What was the Table of Ranks?

A system that allowed individuals to advance in the military and civil service based on merit and service to the state.

How did Peter the Great reform the Russian Orthodox Church?

He subordinated the Church to the state by abolishing the patriarchate and replacing it with the Holy Synod.

What were the main characteristics of Russia by 1750?

A vast territorial empire, an autocratic monarchy, a militaristic state, a highly stratified society based on serfdom, and a cultural blend of European and Orthodox traditions.