CH 3 Q2 Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion,

Passive transport

High to low

no energy needed (No ATP)

continues until dynamic equilibrium

Active transport

Low to High

needs energy (yes ATP)

Concentration gradient

naturally flows high to low. a difference in the concentration of solute and solvent between sides of a membrane.

dynamic equilibrium

molecules are uniformly distributed across both inside and outside of cell

Channel protein

allow facilitated diffusion are a type of integral protein H

Carrier protein

assists in facilitated diffusion is imbedded in the cell membrane

Voltage gated channel proteins

enable passage of SELECT ions through membrane

Na/K Pumps

move potassium ions into cell while moving sodium ions out of cell

Diffusion

movement of substances from an area of high concentration to low concentration until concentration equilibrium.

factors that affect rate of diffusion: time temp pressure concentration gradient

Facilitated diffusion

a protein assists in the diffusion from an area of high to low concentration until dynamic equilibrium. for larger molecules like glucose

Osmosis

diffusion of water

Aquaporon

water channel protein helps in osmosis

Solute

dissolved substance (solid or gas or liquid)

solvent

thing doing the dissolving

Tonicity

the effect on the cells volume

Isotonic

a solution that does not cause a net flow of water in or out of a cell solvent = solute

Hypertonic

has more solutes and less solvent water moves out cell cell will shrink or crenation

hypotonic

has less solutes and more solvent water moves in cell cell will rupture

Be able to compare and contrast diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis. 

ALL- go from high to low

diffusion= movement of substances easily passes through semi-bilayer

osmosis=diffusion of water 3 different types of solutions

facilitated diffusion=needs a protein to assist in diffusion for larger molecules

Explain the difference between active transport and passive transport. Be able to classify all types of cell transport as either passive or active.

active transport goes against the concentration gradient and needs ATP or energy to get from low to high

passive transport follows the concentration gradient and does not need energy consists of osmosis diffusion and facilitated diffusion

Be able to predict the movement of substances in hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions

hypertonic = more solutes less solvent water moves out cell

hypotonic= less solutes more solvent water moves in cell

isotonic= same solutes same solvent water moves in and out of cell