enzymes

enzymes

proteins that act as biological catalysts

catalysts

substance which increases the speed of reaction without being used up

substrate

the molecule changed in the reaction

active site

the part of the enzyme where it joins to the substrate

complimentary

each enzyme only bonds with one substrate

denaturation

protein that has changed shape

causes proteins to denature

high temperatures

extreme ph

optimum

where the enzyme is most active

as the temp/ph increases to the optimum

the rate of reaction increases

as the temp/ph increases past the optimum

enzyme begins to denature and the rate of reaction decreases

amylase

breaks down starch into glucose

protease

breaks down protein into amino acids

lipase

breaks down fats/lipids into glycerol and 3 fatty acids

catalase

breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

iodine test

orangey/brown iodine solution turns blue/black when it reacts with starch

blue benedicts test

blue benedicts solution turns brick red when it is boiled with boiled with glucose

biuret test

buiret solution turns purple when mixed with proteins

emulsification test

fats go cloudy white when mixed with ethanol and water

calorimetry

food is burnt to see how much energy it contains