Hubbard Flashcards

Endocrinology

Study of hormones and endocrine system.

Toxic Drugs

Substances causing harmful effects in the body.

Therapeutic Drugs

Medications used for treatment of diseases.

Hemostasis

Process to prevent and stop bleeding.

Coagulation

Blood clotting process involving platelets.

Platelet Physiology

Study of platelet function in blood.

Blood Coagulation

Mechanism of blood clot formation.

Fibrinolysis

Process of breaking down blood clots.

Hematology

Study of blood and blood disorders.

Erythropoiesis

Production of red blood cells.

Anemia

Condition with insufficient red blood cells.

Polycythemia

Condition with excessive red blood cells.

Polycythemia

Excess of red blood cells in circulation.

Leukocyte Disorders

Diseases affecting white blood cell function.

Lymphocyte Physiology

Study of lymphocyte function and behavior.

Immune System

Body's defense against pathogens and diseases.

Immunity

Ability to resist infections or diseases.

Immune Response (IR)

Body's reaction to foreign substances.

Major Histocompatibility Complex

Molecules that present antigens to T cells.

Hypersensitivity

Exaggerated immune response to harmless substances.

Autoimmunity

Immune system attacks body's own cells.

Immunodeficiencies

Conditions that impair immune system function.

Immunology Techniques

Methods used to study immune responses.

Syphilis Serology

Testing for syphilis antibodies in blood.

Acute Phase Proteins

Proteins that increase in response to inflammation.

Hepatitis

Inflammation of the liver, often viral.

Streptococcal Serology

Testing for streptococcal infection antibodies.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)

Virus causing infectious mononucleosis.

Rubella Serology

Testing for rubella virus antibodies.

Febrile Disease Serology

Testing for antibodies in fever-related diseases.

Borrelia Burdorferi

Bacteria causing Lyme disease, tested serologically.

Transplant Immunology

Study of immune response to transplanted organs.

Tumor Immunology

Study of immune response to tumors.

Blood Group Systems

Classification of blood based on antigens.

Donor Selection

Criteria for choosing blood donors.

Antiglobulin Testing

Test for antibodies against red blood cells.

Compatibility Testing

Ensures donor and recipient blood match.

Transfusion Reactions

Adverse effects following blood transfusion.

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Condition caused by Rh incompatibility.

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias

Anemia caused by immune system attacking red blood cells.

Transfusion-Transmitted Diseases

Infections transmitted through blood transfusions.

Major Histocompatibility Complex

Molecules that present antigens to immune cells.

Human Leukocyte Antigens

Proteins that help immune system recognize foreign substances.

Alternative Methodologies

Different techniques in blood bank testing.

Bacteria

Single-celled microorganisms, some pathogenic.

Bacterial Cell Structure

Components defining bacterial cellular organization.

Stains

Dyes used to visualize bacteria under a microscope.

Normal Flora

Microorganisms normally found in the body.

Pathogenesis of Infection

Mechanism by which pathogens cause disease.

Clinical Specimens

Samples collected for laboratory analysis.

Micrococcaceae

Family of bacteria including Staphylococcus species.

Streptococcus

Genus of bacteria, often pathogenic.

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Rod-shaped bacteria requiring oxygen for growth.

Neisseria

Genus of bacteria, includes pathogens like gonorrhea.

Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Diverse group of rod-shaped bacteria.

Enterobacteriaceae

Family of bacteria including E. coli and Salmonella.

Campylobacter

Genus of bacteria causing gastrointestinal infections.

Mycobacteria

Bacteria known for causing tuberculosis and leprosy.

Anaerobes

Bacteria that thrive in oxygen-free environments.

Zoonotic Infections

Diseases transmitted from animals to humans.

Agents of Bioterrorism

Pathogens used intentionally to harm populations.

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Determines effectiveness of antibiotics on bacteria.

Disinfection and Sterilization

Processes to eliminate pathogens from surfaces.

Molecular Testing

Techniques to analyze genetic material for pathogens.

Parasitology

Study of parasites and their hosts.

Mycology

Study of fungi and fungal diseases.

Virology

Study of viruses and viral infections.

Urinalysis

Analysis of urine for diagnostic purposes.

Renal System

System responsible for urine production.

Urine Specimen

Sample of urine for laboratory testing.

Physical Examination of Urine

Assessment of urine's appearance and characteristics.

Chemical Examination of Urine

Analysis of urine's chemical composition.

Microscopic Examination of Urine

Identification of cells and crystals in urine.

Automation in Urinalysis

Use of machines to analyze urine samples.

Metabolic Products in Urine

Substances produced by metabolism found in urine.

Diseases of the Kidney

Conditions affecting kidney function and health.

Renal Synthetic Products

Substances produced by the kidneys.

Urine Pregnancy Testing

Test to detect pregnancy via urine analysis.

Serous Body Fluids

Fluids found in body cavities for analysis.

Synovial Fluid

Fluid in joints for lubrication and analysis.

Seminal Fluid Analysis

Examination of semen for fertility assessment.

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Analysis

Analysis of fluid surrounding the brain and spine.

Gastric Fluid Analysis

Examination of stomach contents for diagnostic purposes.

Fecal Analysis

Study of stool for digestive health indicators.

Molecular Diagnostics

Techniques to analyze genetic material for diseases.

Inherited Genetic Disease

Disorders passed from parents to offspring.

Molecular Oncology

Study of cancer at the molecular level.

Molecular Infectious Disease

Study of infectious diseases using molecular techniques.

Concentration

Amount of solute in a solution.

Percent Solution

Concentration expressed as weight per 100 units.

w/w

Weight per weight, expressed as g/g.

w/v

Weight per volume, expressed as g/dL.

v/v

Volume per volume, expressed as mL/mL.

Molarity (M)

Moles of solute per liter of solution.

Mole

One formula weight of a compound in grams.

Formula Weight

Weight of one mole of a substance.

Normality (N)

Equivalent weight per liter of solution.

Dilution

Making a less concentrated solution from a concentrated one.

Hydration

Adding water molecules to a compound's structure.

Descriptive Statistics

Summarizes data by location and dispersion.