Science: Pure Substances and Mixtures

What is chemistry?

The study of matter and changes in matter

What is saturation?

When no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added in a solution

How can you tell a solution is saturated?

It will be darker than a diluted solution

What is particle theory?

An explanation of why matter, which is made up of particles, behaves the way it does.

List the 5 major points of particle theory.

1. All matter is made of tiny particles

2. Particles are always moving

3. There is space between all particles

4. Adding heat makes particles move faster

5. All particles in a pure substance are the same; different substances are made up of different particles

How can you increase the rate that a solute dissolves into a solvent?

Increasing the temperature, because adding heat makes the particles move faster; stirring, because particles will be better distributed in the solvent

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A uniform mixture of two or more pure substances

What is the universal solvent?

Water, because it can dissolve more substances than any other liquid

What is a mechanical/heterogeneous mixture?

A mixture where the composition is not uniform