B3 - Salmonella and Gonorrhoea

What is a pathogen?

A microorganism that causes an infectious disease.

Can bacteria be killed by antibiotics?

Yes, unlike viruses, bacteria can be killed by antibiotics.

How is salmonella food poisoning caused?

By ingesting food contaminated with Salmonella bacteria.

What does ingesting mean?

Eating or swallowing.

How can Salmonella bacteria contaminate food?

By using unhygienic practices, like using the same chopping board for raw chicken and other foods without cleaning.

What harmful chemicals do Salmonella bacteria produce?

Toxins.

What symptoms are caused by Salmonella toxins?

Fever, abdominal cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Where are Salmonella bacteria commonly found?

In poultry such as chicken.

How is Salmonella controlled in the UK poultry?

Chickens are vaccinated against Salmonella.

What type of disease is gonorrhea?

A bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD).

How is gonorrhea transmitted?

By sexual intercourse.

What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?

Thick yellow or green discharge and pain when urinating.

Which antibiotic was originally used to treat gonorrhea?

Penicillin.

Why is penicillin no longer always effective against gonorrhea?

Because of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.

How is gonorrhea treated today?

With different antibiotics.

Name two ways to reduce the spread of gonorrhea.

Using condoms during sex and testing/treating infected individuals.

Why should people who have unprotected sex get tested for gonorrhea?

To get treated and prevent passing the infection to others.

What is an STD?

A sexually transmitted disease.

What does antibiotic resistance mean?

When bacteria evolve to survive antibiotic treatment, making the antibiotics less effective.

Why is good hygiene important in preventing Salmonella?

It stops bacteria from contaminating food.

What are the main symptoms of Salmonella food poisoning?

Fever, stomach cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Can gonorrhea be prevented by vaccination?

No, prevention relies on safe sex and testing.

How does using a condom help prevent gonorrhea?

It stops bacteria from passing between sexual partners.

What is the difference between viral and bacterial diseases regarding treatment?

Bacterial diseases can often be treated with antibiotics, viral diseases cannot.