Stem-Changing Verbs and Ser vs. Estar in Spanish

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59 Terms

1
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cerrar (e→ie)

to close

2
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comenzar (e→ie)

to start

3
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defender (e→ie)

to defend

4
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despertar(se) (e→ie)

to wake up

5
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entender (e→ie)

to understand

6
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empezar (e→ie)

to start

7
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perder (e→ie)

to lose

8
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pensar (e→ie)

to think

9
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querer (e→ie)

to want

10
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recomendar (e→ie)

to recommend

11
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sentar(se) (e→ie)

to sit

12
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sentir(se) (e→ie)

to feel

13
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preferir (e→ie)

to prefer

14
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nevar (e→ie)

it snows

15
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convertir (e→ie)

to convert

16
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advertir (e→ie)

to advertise / to warn

17
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divertir(se) (e→ie)

to enjoy / have fun

18
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adquirir (e→ie)

to acquire

19
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tener* (e→ie)

to have

20
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venir* (e→ie)

to come

21
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vestir(se) (e→i)

to get dressed

22
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servir (e→i)

to serve

23
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seguir (e→i)

to follow

24
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repetir (e→i)

to repeat

25
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pedir (e→i)

to ask for

26
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competir (e→i)

to compete

27
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decir* (e→i)

to say

28
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reír (e→i)

to laugh

29
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morir (o→ue)

to die

30
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dormir (o→ue)

to sleep

31
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acostar(se) (o→ue)

to lie down

32
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almorzar (o→ue)

to have lunch

33
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poder (o→ue)

to be able to (can)

34
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contar (o→ue)

to count / to tell (a story)

35
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mover (o→ue)

to move

36
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costar (o→ue)

to cost

37
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jugar* (u→ue)

to play

38
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encontrar (o→ue)

to encounter / to find

39
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volver (o→ue)

to return

40
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recordar (o→ue)

to remember

41
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llover (o→ue)

to rain

42
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SER

to be

43
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DOCTOR

permanent or lasting things

44
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Description

Ella es alta. (She is tall.)

45
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Occupation

Soy estudiante. (I am a student.)

46
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Characteristics

Ellos son amables. (They are kind.)

47
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Time/Date

Son las tres. (It's 3:00.)

48
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Origin

Soy de México. (I'm from Mexico.)

49
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Relationship

Él es mi hermano. (He is my brother.)

50
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Conjugation of SER

yo soy, tú eres, él / ella / usted es, nosotros somos, vosotros sois, ellos / ellas / ustedes son

51
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ESTAR

to be

52
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PLACE

temporary or changing things

53
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Position

El libro está en la mesa. (The book is on the table.)

54
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Location

Estoy en casa. (I'm at home.)

55
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Action

Estamos estudiando. (We are studying.)

56
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Condition

Ella está cansada. (She is tired.)

57
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Emotion

Estoy feliz. (I'm happy.)

58
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Conjugation of ESTAR

yo estoy, tú estás, él / ella / usted está, nosotros estamos, vosotros estáis, ellos / ellas / ustedes están

59
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Quick Tip

Ser = Essence (who or what something is), Estar = State (how or where something is)