Chapter 9 Respiratory System Disease and Disorders Vocab Review

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Analgesics

A drug that reduces pain.

Antipyretics

An agent that reduces fever.

Apnea

This is when you stop breathing while asleep or have almost no airflow.

Arterial blood gases

The best indicator of lung function is measurement of the amounts of carbon dioxide (waste) and oxygen in the blood. These measurements are done on arterial blood and are called arterial blood gases (ABGs).

Bronchiectasis

Abnormal widening of the bronchi or their branches, causing a risk of infection.

Bronchoscopy

A procedure that lets doctors look at your lungs and air passages. During bronchoscopy, a thin tube (bronchoscope) is passed through your nose or mouth, down your throat and into your lungs.

Clubbing

A physical sign characterized by bulbous enlargement of the ends of one or more fingers or toes

Cyanosis

A bluish color in the skin, lips, and nail beds caused by a shortage of oxygen in the blood.

Dyspnea

(Shortness of breath) is often described as an intense tightening in the chest, air hunger, difficulty breathing, breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation.

Hemoptysis

The expectoration of blood or blood-tinged sputum from the lungs or tracheobronchial tree.

Hypoxemia

Low level of oxygen in the blood.

Hypoxia

A state in which oxygen is not available in sufficient amounts at the tissue level to maintain adequate homeostasis; this can result from inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissues either due to low blood supply or low oxygen content in the blood (hypoxemia).

Orthopnea

Shortness of breath that occurs while lying flat and is relieved by sitting or standing.

Productive Cough

One that brings up mucus (phlegm)

Rales

Small clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in the lungs.

Rhinorrhea

A runny nose

Rhonchi

Coarse, loud sounds caused by constricted larger airways, including the tracheobronchial passages.

Sputum

Thick liquid that is coughed up from lungs.

Tachypnea

Rapid breathing

Thoracentesis

A procedure to remove fluid or air from around the lungs.

Wheezing

A high-pitched, musical, adventitious lung sound produced by airflow through an abnormally narrowed or compressed airway(s).