Imperialism - DE US History

US is inspired by ____ during imperialism

Manifest Destiny

major positive of having colonies

resources and materials

sphere of influence

circle of economic influence, all about money

survival of the fittest, taking over other countries

social darwinism

mother country offers protection in exchange for trading rights, often have a “puppet govt” that is pro mother country

protectorate

colonizer country

mother country

Mother country often becomes the _____, jacking up prices

middleman

in 1893, the world’s fair was held in _____

chicago

what did the US celebrate at the world’s fair

400th anniversary and Christopher colombus

US acquires Alaska in ____ from Russia

1867

what was Midway used as?

refueling station

why was Midway useful to the US?

between North America and Asia

what territories does the US acquire? (other than Alaska + midway)

Philippines, Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, and Panama

5 reasons to imperialize

new markets, white man’s burden, military/strategies, manifest destiny, and the frontier

reasons for needing new markets

US produced more steel than they consumed

white man’s burden

“civilizing” non white countries

Our Country written by ___ talked about how Christianity can civilize non christians, over 200k copies sold

Josiah Strong

why military/strategic reasons were beneficial for colonizing

help establish a navy, great white fleet, new harbors

who wrote the frontier thesis

frederick Jackson turner

hawaii and Cuba both produce ___, which is in VERY high demand

sugar cane

us created a bid war between Hawaii and Cuba over sugar cane to

maintain political and economic instability

reciprocity treaty 1875

US could buy sugar cane without taxes

1st territorial governor of hawaii

sandford dole

dressed European to do business, queen of Hawaii

queen liliuokalani

us started making laws in Hawaii about who could vote (to disenfranchise natives), needed to

own a few thousand acres of land

bayonet constitution 1887

allows monarch to appoint cabinet

before the us, Spain had control over

cuba, Puerto Rico, and the philippines

yellow journalism

fake/biased news, often satire

US gives ____ stuff to help these countries gain independence

Jose Martí

because Jose Martí gets killed, Cubans start burning sugar plantations. US sends ____ to evacuate americans

USS Maine

the USS Maine explodes, and US blames it on Spain. leads to

US declaring war on spain

newspaper rivals, often used yellow journalism

Hearst and Pulitzer

why are the philippines so important to the US?

close to china

spanish-american (aka the Splendid Little War) war lasts

4 months

US pays Spain 20m for

Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam while Cuba becomes a protectorate

in the spanish-american war, people mainly died from

mosquito borne illness and food poisoning

Theodore Roosevelt trained with the _____, and went to San Juan Hill

rough riders

Hong Kong (UK) vs. Philippines (US), used guerilla warfare tactics, 10k americans die over 4 years

Battle of Manila

1st territorial governor of Philippines

taft

US grants Philippines independence after WWII

July 4th, 1946

during US acquiring Alaska, Hawaii, Midway, Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico, who is president?

McKinley

when was McKinley assassinated?

1901

Theodore Roosevelt’s (1901-1909) ideology

speak softly and carry a big stick

almost anti-progressive, very passive, dollar diplomacy

William Howard Taft (1909-1913)

$$$ in exchange for economic stability

Dollar Diplomacy

moral diplomacy, spreading democracy

woodrow Wilson (1913-1920)

Platt Amendment 1901

US controls Cuba’s foreign policy, Cuba is not independent (post span-am war), and enforces imperialism

panamanian revolution

us helped panama become independent from Colombia

why did US help panama become independent

wanted access to Panama canal

Russo-Japanese War

both countries rapidly growing in power, both armies were getting tired so Roosevelt intervened because Japan was winning

japan known for their great

navy

Santo Domingo + Roosevelt Corollary

expands Monroe doctrine, wanted to intimidate European powers without doing anything

why did the US expand the Monroe doctrine

us had a big issue with European unpaid debts

wilson’s opinion on the revolt in mexico

does not care

wilson’s opinion on the revolt in Mexico

hates it

result of Mexican revolt

us crippled the Mexican economy

progressivism is a reaction to

the gilded age

progressivism is NOT about

welfare

concept of progressivism

no one should question where meat comes from

progressivism affected a

majority of americans

populist party (5 years too early)

8 hr workday, income tax, workplace safety, union between farmers and laborers

theodore Roosevelt known as the _____, as he was pro populist party

activist president

progressive amendments

16, 17, 18, 19

16th amendment (1913)

income tax (wealthy pay more, poor pay less)

17th amendment (1913)

direct election of senators (previously appointed by state legislature/president)

18th amendment (1919)

prohibition

what is prohibition

anti immigration, solves a lot of domestic violence issues, begins because of great war

19th amendment (1920)

women can vote

right for women to vote ratified by

tennessee

election of 1896

McKinley as rep, Brian as dem, and roosevelt as VP

when McKinley gets assassinated

Roosevelt becomes president

Muckrakers

people who bring problems to light

factors present for reform

problems, muckrakers, middle class support, strong leadership

examples of muckrakers

Jacob Riis, Ida B. Wells, Ida B. Tarbell, Upton Sinclair, Lincoln Steffens

getting middle class support

make them feel like their vote counts

law in most states that people vote by _____, limits political machines

secret ballot

initiative

people can propose laws

referendums

how money will be spent

recall

locals calling for a re vote

direct primaries

favorite candidate

square deal

roosevelt’s domestic program

beliefs of square deal

protect consumers, environment, workplace safety, monopolies must promote fair purchase power

1902 coal strike

Roosevelt sides with laborers

mckinley’s foreign affairs with china

open door policy, boxer rebellion

Ida B. Tarbell wrote

A History of Standard Oil

Lincoln Steffens wrote

The Shame of the Cities

progressive governors

governors targeting monopolies

example of a progressive governor

robert (fighting bob) lafolette

TR domestic policy

Bureau of corporations, consumer safety, convervation

bureau of corporations

breaks up JP Morgan trusts

consumer safety

pure food and drug + meat inspection acts

conservation

150 national forests, 5 national parks est

who is not helped by progressivism

african Americans and immigrants

what Taft did during presidency

broke up 70 trusts, payne-aldrich tariff, ballinger-pinchot affair, 16th amendment, dollar diplomacy

payne-aldrich tariff

lowered some rates; raised tariffs on over 200 products; caused a rift in Republican Party

ballinger-pinchot affair

Pinchot (head of the Forest Service) claimed that the Interior Secretary had a business interest in coal in Alaska. Taft fired Pinchot

Standard Oil of NJ vs. US 1911

Standard Oil broken up and trust is dissolved

standard Oil on trial for

ida b tarbell, sued under provisions of sherman antitrust act and monopolies restrict trade

democratic party and progressivism

federal reserve act, income tax, lowered tariffs, 18th amendment, national park service.

democratic party and non-progressive acts

19th amendment, continues segregation of Federal govt