Chemistry: Hydrogen Bonds and Molecular Interactions

Flashcards on Electron Poor Area and Boiling

Electron Poor Area

An area lacking in electrons, causing other electrons to migrate away.

Electron Rich Area

An area with a high concentration of electrons.

Electron Repulsion

The concept of electrons being repelled from an area due to overcrowding, leading to migration.

Inductive Effect

The phenomenon where a positive charge attracts electrons from a neighboring bond, which then attracts electrons from another bond, and so on.

Free Radical

A species with an unpaired electron.

Intermolecular forces

Forces of attraction between molecules. They determine physical properties like boiling point, melting point, and solubility. Types include dispersion forces, dipole-dipole forces, and hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen Bonds

A strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to N, O, or F. The hydrogen is attracted to a lone pair on another N, O, or F atom. Example: between water molecules.

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Attractive forces between polar molecules due to their permanent dipoles. The positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another.

London Dispersion Forces

Weak, temporary forces caused by momentary shifts in electron clouds that create instantaneous dipoles. Present in all molecules, but the only force in nonpolar ones.