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Rule by the first citizen
What does the Principate mean?
based on their clothes
How would you notice one's statues on the street?
mare nostrum
The Romans called the Mediterranean sea:
Augustus
Pax Romana began under the rule of which ruler?
period of relative peace and stability
The term "Pax Romana" refers to the
Achievement
What does res gestae mean?
Was a form of military discipline, pertained to the guilty who committed a capital offenses such as mutiny and derived from Latin meaning "removal of a tenth".
What was the practice of decimation?
A large, landed estate.
A latifundium [pl. latifundia] is
What were the objectives of the reforms of the Gracchi brothers?
land redistribution, expanding the military eligibility, and provide land to veterans
Marius
Whose army reforms first created made it possible to volunteer for military service?
Who was in the Second Triumvirate?
Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian
Who was fighting in the battle of Actium?
Octavian vs. Mark Antony and Cleopatra
The Council of Plebs had which function in the Roman Republic?
it protected the rights of the common people
Who led Carthage's forces across the Alps in the Second Punic War?
Hannibal
The ____________ were the common people in ancient Rome.This group was not allowed to make decisions in the government.
Plebians
Julius and Augustus Caesar were brothers.
False
Who killed Julius Caesar?
senate members
A triumvirate is:
an informal political alliance of three prominent men
Which Roman emperor was assassinated on the 'Ides of March'?
Julius
What is considered the greatest honor to the country in the Rome period?
Triumph
legatus:
is a high ranking officer of the army
The lowest ranking officers were called ____.
centurions
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were both killed because they
angered wealthy and powerful Romans
Who is Marcus Agrippa?
a great Roman general and Augustus' friend
Who was Gaius Maecenas?
patron of the arts under Augustus
What was the Praetorian Guard?
The emperor's bodyguard
Livia Drusilla was the...
wife of the first Roman Emperor Augustus.
Who were the members of the first triumvirate?
Marcus Crassus, Pompey, and Caesar
What does 'Maius Imperium' mean?
Augustus can intervene in any province
What does imperator, imperatoris mean?
commander in chief, general
Pontifex Maximus was...
the highest priest in the Roman Empire.
Who Did Nero blame for the Great Fire?
Christians - resulted in the first persecution of Christians by Rome
What does Ara Pacis mean?
Altar of Augustan Peace
Which emperor admitted the Gauls to the senate?
Claudius
The Aeneid was commissioned by?
Augustus
What is damnatio memoriae?
removing any evidence that the person once existed
Who has been damnatio memoriae by Augustus?
Mark Antony
Who succeeded Augustus?
Tiberus
Who is Tiberius' mother?
Livia
Benefits of being a Roman citizen:
right to vote and marry another Roman, right of commercium, protection from flogging
How did Caligula die?
he was assassinated by the Praetorian Guard
Which emperor succeeded Caligula?
Claudius
What is a donative?
a cash gift given by the emperor to soldiers
What was bread and circuses?
Free bread and entertainment
Who chose Claudius as emperor?
Praetorian Guard
What discredited Emperor Claudius in the eyes of the elite?
his disabilities
Where did Claudius build a new harbor to insure Rome's grain supply?
Ostia
Which land was the most important source of Rome's grain supply in the Julio-Claudian period?
Egypt
Claudius directed the invasion of _________ in 43, emulating Julius Caesar's exploits there and personally going there.
Britain
Messalina was the first wife of?
Claudius
Who was the last emperor of Julio-Claudian dynasty?
Nero
Nero was interested in _____ rather than_____.
art and showmanship/ military matters
What was the name of the palace that Nero built?
The Golden House
Which new sect did Nero attack?
Christians
How did Nero die?
-He committed suicide with the help of a slave, as the Senate and people of Rome were after him.
True
Nero murdered his mother and wife.
After Nero, who or which section of the government has the most power?
Army and the provinces
