Cosmetology Written exam pt. 1

What is the primary governing body for cosmetology in Texas?

The Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR).

What is the minimum age to obtain a Class A barber or cosmetology license in Texas?

17 years old.

When must a Texas cosmetology license be renewed?

Every two years.

What is the most important procedure for preventing the spread of infection in a salon?

Handwashing.

What is the correct procedure for disinfecting non-porous implements?

Clean with soap and water, rinse, then immerse in an EPA-registered disinfectant for the manufacturer's recommended contact time.

What is a 'single-use' item in cosmetology and when must it be discarded?

An item that cannot be cleaned, disinfected, or sterilized for reuse; it must be discarded after each client.

What is the difference between disinfection and sterilization?

Disinfection kills most microorganisms on hard, nonporous surfaces; sterilization destroys all microbial life, including spores.

What are porous implements and how should they be handled?

Items made of materials that absorb liquid, such as emery boards, buffers, and pumice stones. They are single-use items and must be discarded after each client.

What is an implement that is considered multi-use?

An implement made of a hard, nonporous material that can be properly cleaned and disinfected after each use.

What is the main function of the hair?

To protect the scalp from the sun and minor injuries.

What is the average pH of healthy hair and skin?

4.5 - 5.5 (slightly acidic).

What are the three main layers of the hair shaft?

1. Cuticle
2. Cortex
3. Medulla

What is the cortex responsible for in the hair?

It makes up the majority of the hair's weight and contains melanin, which determines natural hair color.

What is alopecia?

The technical term for hair loss.

What causes dandruff?

A common scalp condition characterized by flaky skin, often caused by a fungus called Malassezia.

What is pediculosis capitis?

Infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice.

What is tinea capitis?

A fungal infection of the scalp, commonly known as ringworm of the scalp.

What are the three main parts of the natural nail unit?

1. Nail plate
2. Nail bed
3. Matrix

What is the purpose of the cuticle on the nail?

To protect the matrix from infection.

What is onychomycosis?

A fungal infection of the nail, most often affecting the toenails.

What is paronychia?

A bacterial or fungal infection around the nail fold.

What is the primary ingredient in most waxing products?

Resin (or beeswax for some types).

What direction should soft wax be applied and removed?

Applied in the direction of hair growth and removed against the direction of hair growth.

What is the purpose of patch testing before chemical services like hair color or perms?

To check for possible allergic reactions to the product.

What is the difference between a pin curl base, stem, and circle?

1. Base: The stationary foundation of the curl, closest to the scalp.
2. Stem: The section of the pin curl between the base and the first arc of the circle; it gives the curl its direction and mobility.
3. Circle: The part of the curl that forms a complete circle and determines the wave size and strength.

What is the technical term for brittle nails?

Onychophagy.

What is an example of a local infection?

A pimple or abscess (confined to a particular part of the body).

What is a general (systemic) infection?

An infection that spreads throughout the body, often through the bloodstream, such as syphilis or measles.

What is a virus?

A submicroscopic, parasitic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms.