behaviour learning outcome 4

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what is communication

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Aviation

12th

22 Terms

1

what is communication

the transfer of infomation from one or a group of animals that affects the current or future behaviour of one or more animals

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2

what is true communication

natural selection acted on the sender and the receiver

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3

what is infraspecific communication

infomation that is communicated between animals of the same species

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4

what is interspecific communication

information that is communicated across animals of different species

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5

what are the 4 main types of communication

visual, auditory, tactile and chemical

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6

what are the 3 additional forms of communication

mutualism

deceit

manupiualtion - eavesdropping

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7

what is mutualism

both species benefit from the communication

honey badger and guide birds - bird guide and badger opens hive for both

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8

deceit - mimicry

debit occurs when signallers fitness increases at the expense of the receiver

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9

manipulation - eavesdropping

occurs when the receiver obtains infomation about the signaller, against the signaller interest

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10

why bro we study communication

helps scientists to study:

social hierarchies

agression and courtship displayes

bonding and parental care

predator prey interactions

cognitive studies and learning

emotions

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11

examples of tactile communicaton

monkeys (macaque) grooming each other

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12

examples of auditory communication

wolf howling

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13

examples of chemical communication

skunk spray

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14

examples of visual communication

peacock showing feathers

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15

what is social behaviour

a variety of interactions that occur between 2 or more animals

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16

types of social behaviour

hierarchies

maintaining dominie relatinships

agnostic behaviour

social bonding and affiliative behaviour

alturism

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17

hierarchies

linear

triangular

despotic

coalition

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18

what is hierarchy

pecking order - animals at top dominate those below

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19

linear hierarchies

animal a dominates animal b

animal b dominates c

example chickens

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20

triangular complex hierarchies

animal a dominates animal b

animal b dominates animal c

animal c dominates animal d

animal d then dominates animal b

complex - order of the group can change depending on hunting and mating

example wolves

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21

true complex hierarchies

seen in groups of animals that contain many members

difficult to record as individual may not interact with eahcother

several triangular relationships may exist

example ants

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22

maintaining dominance

facial expressions

body postures

vocalisations

physical features and contact

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