Matter

Final Test - 9th Grade

Atom

A small particle that is the building block of matter.

Element

A substance that consists of only one type of atom.

Molecule

Two or more atoms that are held together by covalent bonds and act as a unit.

Substance

Matter with a composition that is always the same.

Chemical change

A change in matter in which the substances that make up the reactants before a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the products after the chemical reaction

Law of conservation of mass

states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.

Mass

The amount of matter in an object

Balance

The instrument used to measure mass

Volume

The amount of space that a substance or object occupies.

Physical properties

Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's composition.

Characteristics of a Solid

Solids have definite shape and volume, with closely packed particles. (less KE)

Characteristics of a Liquid

Liquids have a definite volume but no definite shape, taking the shape of their container. The particles are close together but can move freely, allowing liquids to flow. (more KE)

Characteristics of a Gas

Gases have neither definite shape nor volume, filling the entire space of their container. The particles are far apart and move freely at high energy. (more KE)

What’s a Physical Property?

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition, such as color, density, and melting point.

What’s a Chemical Property?

A characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to undergo changes in its chemical identity, such as reactivity, flammability, and acidity.

melting point (PP or CP)

PP

reacts with water (PP or CP)

CP

flammability (burns) (PP or CP)

CP

hardness (PP or CP)

PP

solubility (dissolves) (PP or CP)

CP

supports combustion (PP or CP)

CP