HMH Module 11 - US History to 1877 | Westward Expansion Test Review

What was the Louisiana Purchase?

Land purchased from France by the US

When did the Louisiana Purchase occur?

1803

Why was the Louisiana Purchase important?

The US got more land (doubled the size of the US) and more money

What were the names of the trails used by the settlers heading west and why did they take those trails?

Mormon Trail (made by Mormons)

Santa Fe Trail (popular for trade)

Oregon Trail (travels long distances)

What was the Cattle Kingdon?

the open range from the Great Plains from Texas to Canada

Why was the Cattle Kingdom important?

Helped develop the American west, established the cattle industry, provided economic opportunities, and the cattle drive connected the East and West through new transportation routes.

3 effects from the transcontinental railroad

1 Made western US more important

2 Made commerce available on a large scale

3 Affordable travel

During the building of the transcontinental railroad, who compromised the majority of the workforce?

Chinese, Irish, and Mormon workers.

What was the Great Race and who was competing?

The Central Pacific and Union Pacific racing to complete the Transcontinental Railroad.

What ethnic group worked for the Central Pacific?

Chinese

What ethnic group worked for the Union Pacific?

Irish

What was the Wounded Knee Massacre and why was it important?

It was the last major military incident on the Great Plains

What was the Long Walk and why was it important?

It was a 300 mile march made by Navajo captives, and it lead to hundreds of deaths.

What was the Treaty at Ft Laramie and why was it important?

It was the 1st major treaty between the US & Plains Indians. It allowed the US to build forts, roads, and travel on Indian lands.

What was the Battle of Little Bighorn and why was it important?

It was the Sioux’s last major victory. The Sioux and Cheyenne fought against and defeated Custer’s army.

Who was Helen Hunt Jackson?

A writer that published A Century of Dishonor

Who was Willian Jenning Bryan?

An American lawyer and populist politician

Who was Chief Joseph?

Chief of Ives Perce group, and became involved an a war with the US Army.

Who was Sarah Winnemucca?

A Prairie Indian who called for reform of the reservation system.

Who was Wovoka?

A Prairie Indian who started the Ghost Dance religious movement.

Who wrote the book “Life Among the Paiutes” and what is it about?

Sarah Winnemucca wrote it, which is an autobiography about accounts of traditional Native American culture

Who wrote the book “A Century of Dishonor” and what is it about?

Helen Hunt Jackson wrote it, and it is about the mistreatment of Native American groups

What is assimilation?

giving up traditional ways

How did the US government “Americanize” Native American children in the late 1800s?

They sent them to boarding schools, forced them to do things the American way, forced them to wear American clothing, and forced them to speak English.

What was the Dawes General Allotment Act?

An act for lessening traditional influences on Indians by making land ownership private.

What was the Homestead Act?

an act giving government owned land to small farmers

What was the Sherman Silver Purchase act?

the increase of the amount of silver purchased for coinage

What was the Interstate Commerce Act?

An act providing national regulations of trade between stated & created the Interstate Commerce Commision to ensure fair railroad fairs

What groups settled on the Great Plains during the late 1800s?

Unmarried women, African Americans, and more

What was an exoduster?

african american migrants - gotten from the fact that they had a mass exodust, or departure, from the South

What was a sodbuster?

plains farmers - gotten from the fact that they have to work to break the sod

What was the goal of the National Grange political group?

economic, social, land, and educational improvements.

What was the goal of the Free Silver movement political group?

allowing unlimited coining of silver and going back to paper and silver currency

What was the goal of the Populist Party political group?

the government to own railroads, telephone, and telegraph systems.