WK5+6 Electrostatics + Electrodynamics

what is electrostatics?

study of electric charges in stationary form

what is electrification?

too few or too many electrons

+all about removing or adding electrons from an object

what is friction?

(a method of electrification)

transfer of electrons by rubbing objects together

what is contact(conduction)?

(a method of electrification)

transfer of electrons by touching an electrified object to another object

if a negative object touches a neutral object, its going to impart _________?

a negative object and vice versa

electroscope that measure the ______ __ ______ ___________?

amount of static electricity

what charges are imparted when electrification by contact occurs?

it will impart the same charge

what is the conservation of energy law?

energy can be neither created or destroyed but changes from one form to another.

what is induction?

(a method of electrification)

charged or uncharged object do not touch

+inducing an object without touching

electrification by induction imparts what?

the opposite charge

what is the first law of electrostatics?

1-like charged repel; unlike attract

what is the 2nd law of electrostatics?

the coulombs law

-the force between two charges is

+directly proportional to the magnitude of the two charges

AND

+inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the objects

what is the distribution of charge?

over counter surface only of a dense conductor or a hollow object

what is the concentration of charge?

concentrated at sharpest curves on irregular objects

what is the lines of force vs. strength of field?

strong lines = more lines of forces and closer lines of force

+the closer it is to the center the stronger the force

what is electrodynamics?

study of electric charges in motion

+a circuit (of electrons in motion)

-a closed loop that conducts electricity

-a path along which electrons can move

what is a conductor?

allows electrons to flow

ex-metal, water

what is an insulator?

nonconductor aka dielectric

-it inhibits the flow of electroncs

ex-rubber

what is a semiconductor?

acts as both a conductor and an insulator

ex-silicon

(sometimes it allows electrons to flow sometimes it doesn't that's why it's "semi")

what is a superconductor?

allows electrons to flow without resistance

ex-niobium, titanium

what is current?

aka Amperage (I)

- (I) for Intensite

+ampere is (charge/time) - the rate of electrons flowing per second

what is potential difference?

--symbolized as "V"--

Electromotive Force (EMF) ; voltage

+force that causes charges to move

-electrical push or pull

-results in a current flow in a circuit

+work (energy) that moves charge from one point to another

what is resistance?

ohm - symbolized by R

+anything that opposes or limits a current

amount of resistance will change depending on??

material, length of path, cross sectional area, temperature

what is meters?

devices to determine electrical values in a circuit

what is voltmeter?

-measures potential difference

-connected across load (parallel connection)

+parallel connection if e pass OUTSIDE it

what is ammeter?

-measures current

-connected in path so all e pass through it (series connection)

+series connection if e pass THROUGH it

what is the ohms law?

voltage in a circuit will be equal to the current times the resistance

V = I x R

what is electric power?

-amount of work that a circuit can do

-rate of change in electrical energy

P = I x V

unit is Watt

what is direct current (DC) ?

electrons flow in 1 direction through the circuit path

ex-battery

what is alternating current (AC) ?

electrons flower one way then the opposite way

-like a graph or sine wave

what is a capacitor?

device that temporarily stores charge in an electric circuit

-uses electricity and metal to store a charge

what is capacitance?

ratio of charge stored to potential difference between plates