Vert Natural History Lab: Fish Name and Taxonomy

What is the name of the Superclass of vertebrates with jaws?

Gnathostomata

What is the class for bony fishes

Osteichthyes

What is the subclass for ray-finned bony fishes?

Subclass Actinopterygii

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Acipenseriformes

Family: Acipenseridae

Scientific Name: Acipenser oxyrinchus

Common Name: Atlantic Sturgeon

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Acipenseriformes

Family: Polyodontidae

Scientific Name: Polyodon spathula

Common Name: American Paddlefish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Lepisosteiformes

Family: Lepisosteidae

Scientific Name: Lepisosteus platostomus

Common Name: Shortnose Gar

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Amiiformes

Family: Amiidae

Scientific Name: Amia calva

Common Name: Bowfin

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Anguilliformes

Family: Anguillidae

Names: Anguilla rostrata, American Eel

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Clupeiformes

Family: Clupeidae

Names: Dorosoma cepedianum, Gizzard Shad

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Cyprinidae

Names: Cyprinus carpio Common carp

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Leuciscidae

Names: Notemigonus crysoleucas Golden Shiner

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Leuciscidae

Names: Notropis lutipinnis Yellowfin Shiner

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Leuciscidae

Names: Nocomis leptocephalus Bluehead Chub

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Catostomidae

Names: Hypentelium nigricans Northern Hog Sucker

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cypriniformes

Family: Catostomidae

Names: Moxostoma rupiscartes Striped Jumprock

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Ictaluridae

Names: Ictalurus punctatus Channel Catfish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Ictaluridae

Names: Pylodictis olivaris Flathead Catfish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Siluriformes

Family: Ictaluridae

Names: Ameiurus brunneus Snail Bullhead

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Salmoniformes

Family: Salmonidae

Names: Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Salmoniformes

Family: Salmonidae

Names: Salmo trutta Brown Trout

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Salmoniformes

Family: Salmonidae

Names: Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow Trout

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Esociformes

Family: Esocidae

Names: Esox americanus Grass or Redfin Pickerel

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Esociformes

Family: Esocidae

Names: Esox niger Chain Pickerel

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Percopsiformes

Family: Aphredoderidae

Names: Aphredoderus sayanus Pirate Perch

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish

Order: Cyprinodontiformes

Family: Cyprinodontidae

Names: Cyprinodon variegatus Sheepshead Minnow

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish? What is the difference between males and females?

Order: Cyprinodontiformes

Family: Fundulidae

Names: Fundulus lineolatus Lined Topminnow

Males: 11-15 bars

Females: 6-8 stripes

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Cyprinodontiformes

Family: Poeciliidae

Names: Gambusia holbrooki Eastern Mosquitofish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish? How do you tell the differences between males and females?

Order: Cyprinodontiformes

Family: Poeciliidae

Names: Poecilia latipinna Sailfin Molly

Males: Large, sail-like dorsal fin

Females: Regular dorsal fins

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Micropterus salmoides Largemouth Bass

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Micropterus dolomieu Smallmouth Bass

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Lepomis gulosus Warmouth

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Lepomis cyanellus Green Sunfish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Lepomis macrochirus Bluegill

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Lepomis microlophus Redear Sunfish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Lepomis auritus Redbreast Sunfish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Lepomis megalotis Longear Sunfish

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Centrarchidae

Name: Pomoxis nigromaculatus Black Crappie

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Moronidae

Name: Morone chrysops White Bass

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Moronidae

Name: Morone saxatilis Striped Bass

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Percidae

Name: Perca flavescens Yellow Perch

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Percidae

Name: Percina nigrofasciata Black-banded Darter

What is the taxonomy, common name, and scientific name of this fish?

Order: Perciformes

Family: Percidae

Name: Etheostoma inscriptum Turquoise Darter

What is the taxonomy of Lungfishes? What is the natural history of Lungfishes?

• Class Osteichthyes

• Subclass Sarcopterygii (Fleshy-Finned bony fishes)

• Natural History:

  • Median fins joined

  • Paired fins are fleshy - no true fins

  • Large tooth plates for crushing food

  • Can survive periods out of water*

  • Estivation- Survive times of drought by burrowing in the bottom and breathe using lungs

What is the taxonomy of sharks? What is the natural history of sharks?

• Class Chondrichthyes

• Subclass Euselachii

• Infraclass Elasmobranchii

• Natural History:

  • Placoid scales

  • Several rows of replaceable teeth

  • Subterminal mouth

  • Internal fertilization

  • Heterocercal tail

  • 5-7 gill slits

What is the taxonomy of skates and rays? What is the natural history of skates and rays?

• Class Chondrichthyes

• Subclass Euselachii

• Infraclass Elasmobranchii

• Natural History:

  • Placoid scales

  • Several rows of replaceable teeth

  • Depressed body shape

  • Enlarged pectoral fins

  • 5 gill openings on each side

  • Spiracles- allow for breathing by connecting to their respiratory systems

What is the taxonomy of Ratfishes? What is the natural history of Ratfishes?

• Class Chondrichthyes

• Subclass Holocephali

• Natural History:

  • Gills covered by a single gill cover

  • No scales over most of the body

  • Teeth adapted for crushing hard-shelled invertebrates

  • Internal fertilization

  • Tentaculum- Spiny structure on the top of the head used by males to attach to females during mating

What is the taxonomy of Lampreys? What is the natural history of Lampreys?

• Superclass Petromyzontomorphi (Jawless Vertebrates)

• Class Petromyzontida

• Natural History:

  • No paired fins and 2 dorsal fins

  • Circular mouth with teeth on the tongue and oral disc

  • 7 circular gill openings

  • Parasitic and non-parasitic species

  • Larval Stage: ammocoete

What is the taxonomy of Hagfishes? What is the natural history of Hagfishes?

• Superclass Cyclostomi

• Class Myxini

• Natural History:

  • Enlongated bodies, no true fins

  • Terminal mouth surrounded by 6 barbels

  • Single nostril

  • Scavengers

  • Produces slime

  • Can tie a knot with their body