hehehe godbless the souls of ap bio students

giggle, chortle, guffaw, snicker, laugh, holler, etc.

cell

basic unit of all forms of life

cell membrane

thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulate what enters and leaves the cell

cell theory

fundamental concept of biology that states that all living things are composed of cells; that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things; and that new cells are produced from existing cells

cell wall

strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells

chloroplast

organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy

cytoplasm

in eukaryotic cells, all cellular contents outside the nucleus; in prokaryotic cells, all of the cell's contents

lipid bilayer

flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings

nucleus

in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA

organelle

specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a cell

ribosome

cell organelle consisting of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell; the site of protein synthesis

Golgi apparatus

organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell

mitochondria

organelle that converts chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use

endoplasmic reticulum

internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells; transports proteins and is the place where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled

lysosome

cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell

vacuole

cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates

eukaryote

organism whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus

prokaryote

unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus

fluid mosaic model

Structural model of the plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer.

vesicle

Small membrane-bound sac that functions in moving products into, out of, and within a cell.

photoynthesis

The prosses by which plants and some other organizems capture the energy in sunlight and use it to make food

cellular respiration

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen